State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior of Materials
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DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.06.04
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Abstract:
Piezoelectric ceramics is a functional material which can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and vise-visa. It can find wide applications ranging from our daily life to high-end techniques and dominates a billion-dollar market. For half a century, the working horse of the field is the polycrystalline PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT), which is now globally resisted for containing the toxic element lead. Thus, the research of lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high performance has been a hot topic all over the world. It is believed that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in phase diagram is the key to achieve high piezoelectric performance; great efforts have been made to build the MPB in lead-free system and reveal the physical nature of MPB. In the present paper, we review the recent progress, both experimental and theoretical, in the most promising lead-free ceramic systems, i.e. BaTiO3, (KNa)NbO3 and (BiNa)TiO3 systems.