(1.State Key Laboratory for Modification of Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China) (2.Nantong Feiteng New Matrials Technology Co., Ltd., Nantong 226334, China)
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are a class of porous polymers with three-dimensional network skeleton and microporous structure, which consist of rigid aromatic structural units. Owing to their characteristics of stable porosity and semiconductor, they have shown significant potentials in the applications of energy and environmental areas such as electrochemical and thermal energy storage, hydrogen energy conversion, the capture and storage of CO2 and the adsorption, separation and purification of pollutants. Among these CMPs, nitrogen-rich conjugated microporous polymers (NCMPs) possess extra adsorption active sites and electrons and therefore show the unique redox electrochemical activity and wettability because of their plentiful polar N atoms, endowing NCMPs with excellent performance in energy and environmental applications. In this review, the research progress in preparation of NCMPs for energy and environmental applications is summarized. The merits and demerits of these preparation methods are analyzed. The main problems existing in the preparation methods and their applications are summarized. The future development directions including developing new, green and costefficient synthetic method and new routes of high-performance membrane and bulk materials of NCMPs are finally proposed.