1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816, China
2. State Key Laboratory of MaterialsOriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
et al.
Thermal insulation materials are crucial to building energy efficiency, playing a vital role in reducing energy consumption and maintaining indoor comfort.However, traditional insulation materials in the building industry have limitations, including high material density, heaviness, toxic raw materials and inadequate fire resistance, which fail to meet the requirements of nextgeneration green buildings. As a novel lightweight porous material, aerogel,with three-dimensional nanoporous structure, high specific surface area and porosity, exhibits outstanding thermal insulation properties, making it an ideal solution for building insulation. Based on recent advancements in the building insulation field, this paper reviews the performance, types and applications of aerogels in building insulation, discussing their practical applications and energy-saving effects in construction. It also analyzes the challenges faced in their application and proposes solutions, including optimizing preparation processes, developing low-cost raw materials and enhancing resource recycling technologies. These strategies aim to promote breakthroughs in the coordinated development of aerogels in terms of technology, economy and environment. The ultimate goal is to provide efficient and innovative approach for green buildings and contribute to global energysaving and emissionreduction targets.