文章信息/Info

Title:

Recent Progress in the Development of Lightweight Porous Materials and Structures

作者:

盧天健; 張錢城; 金峰

（西安交通大學(xué)航天航空學(xué)院 機械結(jié)構(gòu)強度與振動國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安710049）

Author(s):

LU TianJian;  ZHANG Qiancheng;  JIN Feng

 (State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Structure Strength and Vibration, School of Aerospace, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

 ; 多孔金屬;  材料加工;  力學(xué)行為;  傳熱;  聲吸收;  優(yōu)化設(shè)計

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2012.01.03

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

大力推進材料和裝備的輕量化、減量化是實現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排、加快建設(shè)節(jié)約型社會的關(guān)鍵措施，是新世紀(jì)工程科技的發(fā)展方向。大至海洋平臺、大飛機機身和動車組車體, 再到日常生活中的車輛，乃至小電子散熱器件等，輕量化和多功能化均成為其發(fā)展中重要一環(huán)。圍繞相關(guān)特殊工況應(yīng)用條件下的輕質(zhì)材料與結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計和研究面臨一系列挑戰(zhàn)：質(zhì)量輕、力學(xué)強度高、散熱性能好、動力學(xué)性能和隔振、隔聲性能可調(diào)等多功能要求，因此如何在現(xiàn)有的材料和結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上進一步減輕重量并獲得更優(yōu)良的綜合性能是材料科學(xué)、固體力學(xué)、傳熱、聲學(xué)、優(yōu)化設(shè)計等諸多領(lǐng)域工作者面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)。基于本課題組近5年來圍繞“超輕多孔結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新構(gòu)型的多功能化基礎(chǔ)研究”國家基礎(chǔ)研究計劃項目所開展的一系列工作，綜述了國內(nèi)超輕多孔材料與結(jié)構(gòu)最新發(fā)展水平的研究成果, 總結(jié)了具有特定或多功能化應(yīng)用的這類新型輕質(zhì)多孔材料多學(xué)科交叉研究的進展, 包括材料制備, 力學(xué)、熱學(xué)和聲學(xué)特性，以及無損檢測及優(yōu)化設(shè)計等。��

Abstract:

The realization of weight reduction with novel lightweight materials and structures is a key issue facing the development of modern ecological society as well as a challenge facing scientists and engineers worldwide. From large�瞫cale structures such as oil platforms, high speed trains, aircraft fuselages, satellites and supersonic space vehicles to small scale electronic devices, optimization towards compactness and lightweight has become an integral part of their development. Further, the reduction of weight is often accompanied by mulitfunctional requirements such as high strength/stiffness, efficient heat dissipation, noise/vibration/damping control and actuation/sensing, demanding cross disciplinary  research efforts across materials science, solid/fluid mechanics, physics, heat transfer, acoustics and applied mathematics.