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作者:: 高賀1; 陳連忠1; 張亮1; 梁馨2; 李仲平2; （ 1 中國航天空氣動力技術研究院，北京 100074）
（ 2 航天材料及工藝研究所，北京 100076）

Author(s):: GAO He1; CHEN Lianzhong1; ZHANG Liang1; LIANG Xin2; LI Zhongping2; （1. China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics, Beijing 100074, China）
(2. Research Institute of Aerospace Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

摘要:: 熱防護技術是高超聲速飛行器再入的重要技術，而輕質蜂窩材料是熱防護技術中大量采用的防熱材料，在地面試驗中超聲速自由射流駐點燒蝕是考核防熱材料燒蝕性能的有效手段。大尺寸平面駐點燒蝕試驗中，燒蝕表面熱流分布不均勻，使得試驗過程中燒蝕表面的形狀發生改變，從而造成試驗狀態的偏離，最終導致燒蝕結果的誤差，采用球面等熱流外形設計可以有效解決該問題。詳細介紹了駐點燒蝕的試驗方法和試驗設備，簡要說明了熱流測量的工程算法和理論原理，進而著重闡述了平面駐點模型對燒蝕結果的影響，并根據試驗和計算結果給出了改進燒蝕表面熱流均勻性分布的等熱流球面方法，最后結合試驗對球面模型和平面模型的熱流測量及燒蝕結果做了詳細的對比分析，解釋了平面模型產生較大燒蝕量誤差的原因。

Abstract:: Heat protection is an important technology in hypersonic flight reentry, the light weight cellular ablator is a kind of materials which is used to heat protection usually. In ground test the free flow supersonic stagnation ablation is an effective method to estimate the ablation performance of material. In the large scale flatsurface stagnation ablation test, the heat flux in the ablation surface is not uniform, so that the result of the ablate test is not absolutely correct, but the equal heat flux of sphericalsurface design can solve the problem efficaciously. In this paper, the method and the equipment of the stagnation ablation test is introduced particularly, meanwhile the engineering arithmetic and the theory of heat flux measurement is shown briefly, subsequently the ablation result which is affected by the flatsurface mode seriously is emphasized, whereafter according to the results of test and simulation the sphericalsurface model that can improve the heat flux uniformity of ablation surface is mentioned, at last through the contrastive experiment, the different result of measurement and test between the flat and spherical model is analyzed in detail, and a larger error of ablation in flatsurface model is explained.