文章信息/Info

Title:

Application status and prospect analysis of metal heat transfer materials in distillation desalination

作者:

齊春華; 馮厚軍; 邢玉雷; 馮建民; 徐克

（1.國家海洋局天津海水淡化與綜合利用研究所，天津 300192）
（2.國家海水利用工程技術研究中心，天津 300192）

Author(s):

QI Chunhua1; 2*;  FENG Houjun1; 2;  XING Yulei1; 2;  FENG Jianmin1; 2;  XU Ke1; 2

(1. Institute of Seawater Desalination & Multipurpose Utilization, SOA,Tianjin 300192, China)
(2.National Engineering Technology and Research Center for Seawater Utilization)

關鍵詞:

海水淡化; 金屬材料; 傳熱; 腐蝕

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2013.05.08

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

蒸餾淡化是一項重要的海水淡化技術。蒸餾淡化是將海水蒸發后冷凝獲得淡水，傳熱材料在設備安裝成本中所占比例達15-22.5%。傳熱材料要求耐蝕、傳熱效率高、強度高和價格適中，優化選材能有效降低工程造價和淡化成本，選材須綜合考慮成本，使用壽命和導熱效率。銅合金和鈦合金是目前工程應用的主流材料，多級閃蒸傳熱材料多采用銅合金管，低溫多效蒸餾則采用鈦合金管與鋁黃銅管組合。開發新型傳熱材料降低工程造價和海水淡化成本是海水淡化技術的發展趨勢。新開發的鋁合金和超級不銹鋼與傳統材料相比，在保證效率的同時，價格更低，有望進一步降低低工程造價和淡化成本。本文綜述了國內外應用于蒸餾海水淡化的金屬傳熱材料，鈦合金、銅合金、鋁合金和不銹鋼，從材料的耐蝕性、傳熱效率、成本和使用過程中注意事項等方面進行了分析和討論，并簡單介紹了新型有機高分子傳熱材料。

Abstract:

Distillation desalination is one of the most popular processes of desalination, which is to vaporize sea water and condense to obtain potable water. The heat transfer materials cost accounts for 15-22.5% in the total infrastructure of the project. The heat transfer materials using to vaporize sea water is not only in a demand of high corrosion resistance of seawater and heat conductivity but also a reasonable price. The selection of heat transfer materials should compromise between cost, lifetime and heat transfer properties. The suitable selection could reduce the price of the desalination project and the cost of desalination. Copper alloy and titanium alloy are present popular heat transfer materials. Normally, copper alloy tube is used for multi-stage flash distillation, the combination of titanium alloy tube and copper alloy tube for multiple-effect distillation. To develop new heat transfer materials to reduce the cost is one main pursuit of desalination industry. The new aluminum alloy and super steel comparing with traditional materials, the cost is lower with the same product capacity. There is evident that aluminum alloy and super steel will be the popular materials for heat exchangers in future. In this paper, the heat transfer metal materials applying for the distillation desalination, including titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy and steel, are summarized. The discussions about corrosion resistance, heat transfer efficiency, cost and application precautions