文章信息/Info

Title:

 Progress in the Research of Electrospun Nanofibers for Environmental Applications

作者:

丁彬; 斯陽; 俞建勇

 (東華大學纖維材料改性國家重點實驗室, 上海 200051)

Author(s):

Bin Ding; * Yang Si and Jian-Yong Yu

 (State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China)

關鍵詞:

靜電紡絲; 納米纖維; 環境; 應用

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2013.08.06

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

近年來，通過靜電紡絲技術制備納米纖維材料已成為材料科學領域最重要的學術與技術活動之一。靜電紡絲以其制造裝置簡單、紡絲成本低廉、可紡物質種類繁多、工藝可控等優點，已成為有效制備納米纖維材料的主要途徑之一。目前，利用靜電紡絲技術不僅能實現多種納米纖維材料包括聚合物、無機物、聚合物/聚合物復合物、聚合物/無機物復合物以及無機物/無機物復合物等的構筑，而且可以實現纖維多級粗糙結構、堆積密度、纖維直徑、比表面積、連通性等結構特性的精細調控。各種各樣的靜電紡納米纖維材料經過發展、研究和商業化，已被廣泛應用于環境領域的各個方面，為許多環保難題諸如有害物質監控、污水處理、水體浮油處理等的解決提供了新的方向。本文結合東華大學纖維材料改性國家重點實驗室近期在靜電紡納米纖維領域的研究成果，簡要介紹了靜電紡纖維材料的研究背景、制備技術及其在環境領域中的應用研究進展。

Abstract:

 Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating nanofibers from a rich variety of materials that include synthetic and natural polymers, carbon and ceramics. Nanofibers with complex architectures, such as porous nanofibers, cable-like nanofibers, bio-inspired nanofibers, and 2-dimensional nanofibers/nets, can be produced by special electrospinning methods. Moreover, with the carefully changing of fabrication conditions, the relevant structure including multi rough structures, bulk density, fiber diameter, surface area and connectedness could be exactly controlled, which provided a new insight into the design and development of functional nanomaterials towards various environmental applications such as sensors, water purification and oil spills treatment. This report presents an overview of this technique, with focus on the progress achieved by the State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials of Donghua univserty in recent years.