文章信息/Info

Title:

Progress in the Preparation and Application of Bio-inspired Materials from Low to High Dimensional Structure

作者:

沈衡; 朱唐; 梁飛躍; 汪東; 董海俠; 趙寧; 張小莉; 徐堅

中國科學院化學研究所，高分子物理與化學實驗室，北京 100190

Author(s):

SHEN Heng;  ZHU Tang;  LIANG Feiyue;  WANG Dong;  DONG Haixia;  ZHAO Ning;  ZHANG Xiaoli;  XU Jian

Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

關鍵詞:

仿生; 多級; 結構; 功能

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2014.04.02

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

經過數十億年的進化，自然界中的生物材料表現出許多卓越的性質和獨特的功能。這些生物材料通常是由生物體內的有限組分在溫和條件下組裝而成，其出眾的性能在很大程度上來源于復雜的多級結構，例如含鄰苯二酚單元的貽貝粘附蛋白具有普適的強粘附力，珠-線結構的蜘蛛絲具有優異機械性能和集水能力，空心結構的北極熊毛發具有隔熱保溫作用，具有規則微納結構的蝴蝶翅膀顯示多彩的顏色，梯度多孔結構的柚子皮具有優異的阻尼減震效果等。師法自然，以自然界的設計原理為靈感制造人工材料在材料科學和工程領域受到了極大關注。過去數十年間，這方面的研究成果不勝枚舉。在本綜述中，總結了仿生材料在結構仿生方面的研究進展，選取了上述幾個從低維到高維尺度上的典型例子對仿生材料的結構和功能之間的關系作了概述。

Abstract:

As a result of evolution for billions of years, biomaterials have possessed different amazing properties. Generally, biomaterials are assembled with limited supply of constitutes available to living organism under mild conditions. The surprising properties are largely due to the sophisticated hierarchical structures, for example, the mussel adhesive protein with catechol unit possesses strong and universal adhesion, the spider silks with bead-in-string structure have superior mechanical property and water-collection ability, the hollow polar bear hairs have the ability of thermal insulation, the wings of butterfly with ordered micro- and nanostructure exhibit beautiful colors and the foam-like peal of pummel with a gradient structure makes it impact resistance. Preparing manmade materials by following the design principles of nature has drawn great attention in materials science and engineering. In the past decades, a large number of papers in this field have been published. In this review, the recent progress in the preparation of bio-inspired materials mimicking the structures of natural prototypes is summarized. Typical examples which are mentioned above from low to high dimensions are described with emphasis on the relationship between the structure and corresponding functions.