文章信息/Info

Title:

 The Chemical Functional Applications and Fundamental Researches of Metallic Glasses

作者:

 王軍強

威斯康辛大學材料科學與工程學院

Author(s):

 Jun-Qiang Wang

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA

關鍵詞:

金屬玻璃; 非晶合金; 化學反應; 催化性能

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2014.05.03

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

金屬玻璃是一類具有熱力學非平衡特征和亞穩特性、以金屬元素為主要組分、原子排列處于無序結構的固體材料。近年來，隨著金屬玻璃研究領域的蓬勃發展，涌現出很多新的研究方向和熱點。本文簡要綜述了近期金屬玻璃在化學反應中表現出的優異催化性能和高反應速率等相關的功能性應用和基礎研究進展，主要是金屬玻璃在降解污水中的偶氮染料方面的功能性應用和基礎研究。實驗結果表明鎂基和鐵基金屬玻璃粉降解偶氮染料的效率分別達到商業鐵粉的1000倍和200倍以上。而且，相對于液體霧化法制備的金屬玻璃粉，用球磨粉碎法制備的金屬玻璃粉反應活性更高，這可能與比表面積增加、殘余應力導致的反應激活能降低有關。最后對金屬玻璃的功能性應用和相關基礎研究的未來的研究前景進行了展望。

Abstract:

Metallic glasses are a group of amorphous solids composed mainly of metallic elements. They stay in non-equilibrium states and show metastable characters. Plenty of fresh research hotspots are emerging as a result of their recent booming development. In this brief review, the excellent catalytic properties and high activity of metallic glasses in chemical reactions, i.e. application in degrading azo dyes in polluted water, are overviewed. The experimental results show that the reactivity of ball-milled Mg-based and Fe-based metallic glass powders can be 1000 and 200 times higher than the commercial Fe powders, respectively. Moreover, the reactivity also depends on the preparation methods, i.e. the ball-milled metallic glass powders are more active than the gas-atomized powders. This can be attributed to the high specific surface area and low reaction activation energy after ball-milling. The promising prospects for functional applications and related fundamental researches of metallic glasses are discussed.

Keywords: metallic glass; amorphous alloy; chemical reaction; catalysis