文章信息/Info

Title:

Progress in R&D of Porous Titanium Materials

作者:

湯慧萍; 王建

西北有色金屬研究院金屬多孔材料國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710016

Author(s):

TANG Huiping; WANG Jian

State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710016, China

關鍵詞:

 ; 多孔鈦; 制備方法; 孔結構; 性能特點; 典型應用

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2014.09.06

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

作為結構功能一體化材料，多孔鈦在眾多工業領域具有廣泛的應用前景，已成為近年來十分活躍的研究方向。本文簡要介紹了多孔鈦的研究歷史，重點介紹了多孔鈦的制備方法與孔結構，并對多孔鈦的滲透性能、力學性能和腐蝕性能以及主要的商業應用進行了介紹。眾多研究和應用表明，多孔鈦的性能與功應用強烈依賴于孔結構，不同方法制備多孔鈦的孔結構可以歸納為均一孔結構、雙峰孔結構、梯度孔結構、蜂窩結構和閉孔結構五種類型。除孔結構外，與致密鈦合金一樣，多孔鈦的力學性能和耐腐蝕性能還對間隙元素C、N、O敏感，制備過程應加以控制。與基于粉末固態擴散機制的傳統制備技術相比，增材制造技術由于可以獲得任意形式的孔結構，在多孔鈦未來的發展和應用中將呈現出越來越重要的作用。

Abstract:

Porous titanium has evolved into an important class of metallic materials and is the material of choice for many industrial applications, and the R&D activities on porous titanium have shown a strong uptrend in recent years. This paper begins by providing a brief review of the history of porous titanium and then discusses the preparation processes and characteristics of porous titanium materials. The permeability, mechanical property and corrosion behavior of porous titanium are reviewed subsequently, followed by selected examples of their commercial applications. The properties of porous titanium are mainly determined by the pore structure. Using different techniques, porous titanium can be produced to have uniform, bimodal, gradient, honeycomb or closed pore structures with different pore morphologies. In addition, similar to the fabrication of dense titanium materials, the interstitial impurities (O, N and C) in porous titanium should be strictly controlled for both desired mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Additive manufacturing or 3D metal printing provides a powerful platform for the design and fabrication of novel porous titanium structures compared to conventional powder metallurgy. Future developments of porous titanium will continue to be driven by applications but the new design freedom offered by additive manufacturing is expected to play an increasingly important role.