文章信息/Info

Title:

Progress in the Development of Hydrogel-Rapid Prototyping for Tissue Engineering

作者:

潘婷 曹曉東

國家人體組織功能重建工程技術研究中心，廣東 廣州 510006

Author(s):

Ting PAN; Xiaodong CAO

National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangdong 510006, China

關鍵詞:

凝膠; 快速成型; 生物打印; 組織工程; 支架

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2015.03.06

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

對于組織工程而言，如何將種子細胞、細胞外基質和生物刺激信號這三大要素完美結合對于植入體的植入成敗至關重要。為了達到這一目的，器官打印或組織打印作為一種新興的制備組織工程支架的技術，具有巨大的應用前景。這種技術可以將包載生物活性因子（細胞及其他生物活性刺激信號）的凝膠層層組裝，得到精確的三維結構，并可控制生物活性因子的打印位置。而凝膠材料因其高含水率、優異的細胞相容性及可控的降解速率等性能，成為最有應用前景的生物打印材料。另一方面，通過快速成型技術這一強大的工具，我們可以制備得到具有精確內外結構，并包載多種活細胞或其它生物因子（生長因子、基因等）的組織工程支架。然而，并非所有的快速成型方法適用于凝膠成型。因此，本篇綜述簡單總結了可用于制備包載細胞的凝膠支架的快速成型方法，且進一步討論了每種方法可用的凝膠材料類型。凝膠材料較弱的力學性能是限制其在生物打印方面應用的一個重要缺陷，關于這一問題及改進的方法也在本文中做了初步討論。

Abstract:

For tissue engineering, the combined actions of seeding cells, matrix and bioactive factors determine the eventual performance of the implant. Organ or tissue printing, a novel approach in tissue engineering, creates layered, biofactors (including cells and other bioactive stimuli)-laden hydrogel scaffolds with a defined three-dimensional (3D) structure and organized biofactors placement, which is seen as a great promise. To this end, hydrogels represent to be the most promising materials for bioprinting because of their high water content, excellent cytocompatibility and tunable biodegradability. On the other hand, rapid prototyping (RP) techniques have become a powerful tool to produce a scaffold of the desired shape and internal structure with encapsulation of multiple living cell types or other biofactors, such as growth factors and genes. However, not all kinds of RP techniques are suitable for generation of hydrogel scaffolds or cell encapsulation. Therefore, in this review, we give a brief summary of different rapid prototyping techniques suitable for the production of hydrogel scaffolds. Each technique was further discussed in terms of the different hydrogels used. One major limitation has yet to be addressed is that the poor mechanical strength of hydrogel scaffolds. This problem and probable solution are also discussed in this review paper.