文章信息/Info

Title:

Research and Development of Life Cycle Engineering and Eco-design in Materials Industry

作者:

聶祚仁*; 劉宇; 孫博學(xué); 王志宏

北京工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院

Author(s):

Zuoren NIE;  Yu LIU;  Boxue SUN;  Zhihong WANG

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology

關(guān)鍵詞:

生命周期工程; 生態(tài)環(huán)境材料; 生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì); 生命周期評價(jià)

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.03.01

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

材料生命周期工程以生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)為主導(dǎo)，以滿足性能需求、節(jié)約資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境為目標(biāo)，將毒害組分替代、綠色工藝規(guī)劃、清潔生產(chǎn)、資源循環(huán)等諸多技術(shù)與理論應(yīng)用到產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化材料產(chǎn)品全生命周期的環(huán)境表現(xiàn)，是由材料科學(xué)、制造科學(xué)和環(huán)境科學(xué)深層次交叉而形成的國際重要科學(xué)研究前沿領(lǐng)域。本文回顧了國內(nèi)外材料生命周期工程的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀，通過分析其技術(shù)內(nèi)涵，解釋了生命周期工程與生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)要素的科學(xué)關(guān)聯(lián)，并指明了生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)是實(shí)現(xiàn)生命周期工程思想的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題。結(jié)合我國材料行業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，提出了適用于材料產(chǎn)品的生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)理論框架與實(shí)施步驟，分別構(gòu)建了基于性能-需求矩陣、“火用”資源耗竭模型、生命周期評價(jià)的材料性能、資源消耗與環(huán)境影響的量化分析方法，形成了可綜合統(tǒng)籌不同設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)、面向材料產(chǎn)品的生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)評價(jià)方法，為生態(tài)環(huán)境材料的開發(fā)與應(yīng)用提供了理論支撐。

Abstract:

Material life cycle engineering is a frontier interdiscipline based on the infrastructure of materials science, manufacturing science and environment science. It is an eco-design oriented applied engineering, in the purpose of meeting performance requirement, saving resource and protecting environment by means of hazardous substance substitution, green process planning, cleaner production, resource recycle, et al. throughout the whole industrial supply chain to achieve a systematic optimization for material products during the whole life cycle. In this article, the author reviewed the development and application status of material life cycle engineering, performed a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental technology to explain the linkage among life cycle engineering, eco-design and other critical techniques, so as to point out that eco-design is the key elements to deploy life cycle engineering theory. This article also proposed the framework and well as implementation procedure of eco-design for the specific situation of Chinese material industry. Moreover, the quantitative assessment method for materials performance, resource consumption and environment impact have been established based on performance – requirement matrix, Exergy analysis model and life cycle assessment, respectively, which forms a material product oriented eco-design methodology with a full metrics. In sum, this article provides further theoretic foundation to the eco-material development and application.