文章信息/Info

Title:

The crystal structure and chemistry of pyrochlore- and hollandite-type minerals and their application as nuclear waste-forms

作者:

李國武1; 2* 邢曉琳1 徐凱1

（1中國地質大學（北京） 科學研究院 晶體結構與晶體化學實驗室
2中國地質大學 地質過程與礦產(chǎn)資源國家重點實驗室

Author(s):

LI Guowu1; 2 *;  XING Xiaolin1;  XU Kai1

(1. Crystal Structure and Chemistry Laboratory, Science Research Institute, China University of Geoscience (Beijing),
2. State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geoscience,

關鍵詞:

燒綠石; 堿硬錳礦; 晶體結構; 人工合成; 核廢料固化

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.07.02

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

研究表明燒綠石和堿硬錳礦在固化核廢料方面具有良好的性能。近年來我們對燒綠石型和堿硬錳礦型天然礦物以及系列人工合成礦物的晶體結構及晶體化學進行了系統(tǒng)詳細的研究。通過人工合成14種鑭系稀土的Ti和Zr的Ree2B2O7系列氧化物的X射線衍射實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)其Ti的Ree2Ti2O7系列氧化物和Zr的Ree2Zr2O7系列氧化物都出現(xiàn)了明顯的晶變現(xiàn)象。晶體結構研究顯示堿硬錳礦型結構礦物中A類陽離子在孔道中的含量變化及各向異性參數(shù)的變化導致了該型結構往往存在延c方向的一維非公度調(diào)制結構。本文對其結論性的成果進行了闡述，同時對燒綠石和堿硬錳礦在固化核廢料方面的研究現(xiàn)狀及進展進行了綜述。

Abstract:

Pyrochlore- and hollandite-type minerals were extensively investigated as the nuclear waste-forms, showing the unique properties on thermal and chemical stabilities and irradiation resistance. In the past decade, our group methodically studied the crystal structure and chemistry of pyrochlore- and holladnite-type natural minerals and their synthesized compounds. According to X-ray diffraction analysis of fourteen synthesized rare-earth pyrochlore (Ree2B2O7, B=Ti, Zr), both Ree2Ti2O7 and Ree2Zr2O7 show obvious crystal structure variable. The study of hollandite crystal structure indicates that contents of cation A (A0-2B8O16, A=Na, K, Sr, Ba, etc., B=Ti, Fe, Mn, Al, etc.) in the tunnel and parameters regarding anisotropy usually cause one-dimension incommensurate modulation structure along with c direction. This paper summarized our recent results on their structure and chemistry, and reviewed the research and development of their application in nuclear waste immobilization.