文章信息/Info

Title:

A Review of Life Cycle Assessment Research on Engineering Nanomaterials

作者:

 陳 莎1*; 劉瑞芳1; 孫天印2; 3; 陳 云1

(1.北京工業大學環境與能源工程學院，北京 100124，中國)
(2.瑞士聯邦材料科學與技術實驗室，圣加倫 CH-9014，瑞士)
(3.蘇黎世聯邦理工學院化學和生物工程研究所，蘇黎世 CH-8093，瑞士)

Author(s):

 CHEN Sha1*; LIU Ruifang1; SUN Tianyin2; 3; CHEN Yun1

(1. Environment and energy engineering college, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
(2. Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen,Switzerland)
(3. Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland)

關鍵詞:

人工納米材料; 生命周期評價; 環境釋放

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.10.04

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

人工納米材料（Engineering Nano Materials，ENMs）因具有優越的磁性、導電性、光學性質等被廣泛應用于微電子學、催化、燃料電池、材料科學、生物技術和醫藥等領域，其帶來優良性能與卓越功能的同時，其資源能源效率以及對生態環境、人體健康的潛在影響也越來越受到重視。盡早識別這些利弊對材料科學的發展、環境保護以及ENMs的可持續性發展均具有重要意義。而生命周期評價方法（Life Cycle Assessment, LCA）作為一種綜合而全面的評價理論與方法，也是評價ENMs以及其工藝、產品的生命周期資源能源消耗和環境行為的有效方法。本文對生命周期理論與方法應用于ENMs及其產品的資源能源消耗分析、環境影響評價和環境釋放分析三方面的研究進展進行了總結和綜述，對目前研究中存在的問題進行了分析總結，對今后LCA應用于ENMs的發展方向進行了展望。

Abstract:

Due to their superior magnetism, electric conductivity, reaction activities optical properties and so on, engineering nanomaterials are widely applied in microelectronics, catalysis, fuel cell technology, materials science, biotechnology & medicine and other fields. However, combining with their excellent function and outstanding feature, their potential impacts on the resources, energy, environment and human health are becoming concerns. It is of great significance for material science development, environmental protection and sustainable development of ENMs to identify these impacts. As an integrated and comprehensive evaluation method, life cycle assessment (LCA) is highly recommended to evaluate not only their efficiency of resource and energy, but also their environmental impacts, which includes the various techniques, processes and productions of ENMs. The aim of this paper is to review the existing research on life cycle energy consumption analysis, environmental impact assessment and environmental release analysis of ENMs based on LCA methodology. The difficulties and issues in the research were summarized and the perspective of future research was also put forward.