文章信息/Info

Title:

Synthesis of Polymeric Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts by Supramolecular Self-assembly

作者:

鄭云; 王心晨

福州大學(xué)

Author(s):

ZHENG Yun;  WANG Xinchen

Fuzhou University

關(guān)鍵詞:

氮化碳; 納米材料; 超分子自組裝; 光催化; 分解水; 降解污染物

Keywords:

carbon nitride;  nanomaterials;  supramolecular self-assembly;  photocatalysis;  water splitting;  pollutant degradation

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.01.04

文獻標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

利用光催化技術(shù)將低密度的太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為高密度的化學(xué)能或直接降解有機污染物，是解決能源短缺和環(huán)境污染等問題的最理想途徑。氮化碳是近期發(fā)展出來的一類聚合物半導(dǎo)體新型光催化劑，在分解水制氫、污染物降解、二氧化碳還原、選擇性有機合成等研究方面有著重要科學(xué)意義和應(yīng)用前景。前驅(qū)物超分子自組裝法是制備高效納米氮化碳光催化劑的重要合成方法之一。通過分子間的弱相互作用力，如三聚氰胺與三嗪衍生物之間的氫鍵相互作用，形成有序的超分子組裝體，再進一步焙燒熱聚合可制備氮化碳納米材料。通過控制自組裝過程的反應(yīng)參數(shù)和條件，可以有效地調(diào)控氮化碳的組成、形貌、能帶結(jié)構(gòu)、光學(xué)性能、光生載流子分離效率，從而提高氮化碳的光催化性能。本文綜述了超分子自組裝法合成氮化碳光催化劑的最新研究進展，總結(jié)了系列納米結(jié)構(gòu)氮化碳光催化劑的研究工作，包括共聚合改性氮化碳、非金屬摻雜氮化碳、金屬摻雜氮化碳、金屬氧化物-氮化碳復(fù)合物、氮化碳異質(zhì)結(jié)以及高結(jié)晶度氮化碳光催化劑等。論文還闡述了超分子自組裝法對氮化碳的組成、結(jié)構(gòu)和光催化性能的調(diào)控作用，并展望了該研究領(lǐng)域的未來發(fā)展。

Abstract:

Converting the low-density solar energy into the high-density chemical energy or realizing the direct degradation of organic pollutants by photocatalytic technology is one of the important ways to solve the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution. Carbon nitride is a polymeric semiconductor photocatalyst that shows important applications in water splitting, pollutant degradation, CO2 reduction and selective organic synthesis. Supramolecular self-assembly of precursors is one of the important synthetic methods of highly-effective nanostructured carbon nitride photocatalyst. Carbon nitride nanomaterials can be prepared by thermal polymerization of the ordered supramolecular aggregation formed by hydrogen bond interaction between the precursors of melamine and triazine derivative. By controlling the reaction parameters and conditions of self-assembly process, the composition, morphology, band structure, optical property, and electron-hole separation efficiency of carbon nitride can be effectively tailored, thus improving the photocatalytic activity of carbon nitride. Herein, the latest research progress concerning the supramolecular self-assembly synthesis of carbon nitride photocatalysts is reviewed. The work of nanostructured carbon nitride photocatalyst is summarized, including copolymerization modified carbon nitride, nonmetal doped carbon nitride, metal doped carbon nitride, metal oxide and carbon nitride composite, carbon nitride based heterojunction, and highly crystalline carbon nitride photocatalyst. The effect of supramolecular self-assembly method on the composition, structure, and photocatalytic activity of the carbon nitride is also illustrated. The future development direction of this field is indicated.