文章信息/Info

Title:

Application of Synchrotron-Based High-Energy X-ray Diffraction in Materials Research

作者:

王沿東; 張哲維; 李時磊; 李潤光; 王友康

北京科技大學(xué) 新金屬材料國家重點實驗室

Author(s):

Wang Yandong;  Zhang Zhewei;  Li Shilei;  Li Runguang;  Wang Youkang

University of Science and Technology Beijing, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials

關(guān)鍵詞:

同步輻射高能X射線衍射; 材料科學(xué); 多尺度表征; 形變; 相變

Keywords:

synchrotron-based high-energy X-ray diffraction;  material science;  multi-scale characterization;  deformation;  phase transformation

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.03.02

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

同步輻射是具有連續(xù)光譜寬波段、高通量、低發(fā)散度等優(yōu)點的先進(jìn)脈沖X射線光源，可用于開展其它光源無法實現(xiàn)的諸多前沿科學(xué)研究。第三代同步輻射光源產(chǎn)生的高能X射線，能大幅提高衍射的倒易空間分辨率、穿透深度及時間分辨能力，實現(xiàn)使役條件下工程材料與部件內(nèi)部多尺度微結(jié)構(gòu)單元的高效原位、精確無損表征。配備滿足透射幾何條件、能施加多種力物性環(huán)境的原位裝置，有助于建立多場耦合下材料的跨尺度力學(xué)模型。本文簡述了同步輻射高能X射線衍射的基本原理、第三代同步輻射光源的裝置與特點，介紹了高能X射線衍射在材料形變行為、相變以及再結(jié)晶等領(lǐng)域的研究進(jìn)展。最后基于國內(nèi)外先進(jìn)光源的發(fā)展，展望了同步輻射高能X射線衍射技術(shù)進(jìn)步的主要方向。

Abstract:

Synchrotron radiation is pulsed radiation generated by bunches of charged particles with relativistic energies. Due to high intensity, high spatial/time resolution and high penetration depth, the synchrotron-based high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD) technique can be used to characterize the evolution of the multi-scale microstructures in engineering materials. By applicating the in-situ experimental instrument, the HE-XRD provides rich information on experimental inputs for establishing various micro-mechanical models of engineering materials under interaction of multiple external stress, temperature, and/or magnetic fields. Moreover, HE-XRD provides also powerful tools for revealing the damage and failure mechanisms of advanced materials and evaluating performance of engineering components during usage. In this paper, the basic principles of synchrotron radiation and HE-XRD are briefly introduced and its applications to deformation, phase transformation and recrystallization are presented, including the micromechanical behavior and microstructure evolution of advanced multiphase materials with high strength, the influence of external fields on the phase transformation behaviors of thermal and ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys and nanowire-reinforced shape-memory composites, etc. Finally, based on the further development of advanced photon sources, the future applications of HE-XRD technology in higher time resolution and multiple actual environment is prospected.