文章信息/Info

Title:

Review of high temperature superconductivity of sulphur trihydrides H3S under high pressure

作者:

段德芳; 邵子霽; 馬艷斌; 崔田

吉林大學物理學院超硬材料國家重點實驗室

Author(s):

DUAN Defang;  SHAO Ziji;  Ma Yanbin;  CUI Tian

State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University

關鍵詞:

高壓; 三氫化硫H3S; 富氫材料;  超導電性; 金屬化

Keywords:

High Pressure;  Sulphur trihydrides H3S;  Hydrogen-rich materials;  Superconductivity;  Metallization

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.10.06

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

高壓下富氫材料的壓致金屬化和超導電性是實現金屬氫和高溫超導體的有效途徑，已經成為物理學、材料科學等多學科的熱點領域之一。最近在高壓下發現的三氫化硫H3S，因其200 K的超導轉變溫度刷新了高溫超導紀錄，向室溫超導體的實現邁出重要的一步，引起了國際上的廣泛關注。是什么使得三氫化硫H3S如此特殊？它的創紀錄的Tc、簡單的晶體結構和奇異電子態密度使得H3S成為潛在的高溫超導材料，進一步推動了人們對高壓下富氫材料超導電性的研究。在過去兩年時間內，人們通過各種實驗技術和理論方法研究H3S在高壓下的超導電性、同位素效應、元素的摻雜效應、探索超導的內在物理原因等等。目前理論和實驗都一致認為高壓下可以通過兩種途徑獲得H3S：3H2S→2H3S+S，2H2S+H2→2H3S。本文對高溫超導體三氫化硫（H3S）的發現、影響H3S高溫超導的內在物理原因、同位素效應隨壓力的變化、摻雜對H3S超導轉變溫度的影響以及高壓下硫化氫（H2S）的分解進行簡要介紹。

Abstract:

Hydrogen-rich materials which are potential high-temperature superconductors, and also believed to be an effective way to the metallization of hydrogen, have attracted significant interest in lots of fields, such as physics, material science and so on. Recently, the discovery of high-pressure superconductivity of sulphur trihydrides (H3S) has set a record at 200 K and attracted wide attention. What makes the H3S so specical? Its high Tc, simple crystal structure, novel density of states that H3S will be potental high tempreture superconductor, and inspired further efforts to research the superconductivity of hydrogen-rich materials. During the last two years, the superconductivity, isotopc effect, element doping effect, the inner physical relationship have been studied by means of the high pressure experimental measurements and first-principles calculations. Recently, a consensus has been reached between theroretical and experimental studies that H3S that hardly occur at atmospheric pressure can be formed at high pressure by two main ways: 3H2S→2H3S+S，2H2S+H2→2H3S. In this work, the discovery of high temperature superconductor sulphur trihydrides H3S, the inner relationship between crystal structure, electronic structure and superconductivity, the pressure dependence of isotope?e?ect, the influence of doping on superconducting transition temperature of H3S, and the decomposition of H2S under high pressure have been discussed.