文章信息/Info

Title:

Advance in Research and Clinical Application of Liposomal Delivery Systems

作者:

姜倩1; 岳冬1; 顧忠偉1; 2

(1. 四川大學(xué) 國(guó)家生物醫(yī)學(xué)材料工程技術(shù)研究中心，(2. 南京工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院

Author(s):

JIANG Qian1; YUE Dong1; GU Zhongwei1; 2

(1. National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, (2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University

關(guān)鍵詞:

脂質(zhì)體、藥物傳遞、生物大分子傳遞、分子探針、共載體系

Keywords:

liposome;  drug delivery;  biomacromolecule delivery;  molecular probe;  co-delivery

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.02

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

從1965年人類(lèi)第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)脂質(zhì)體開(kāi)始，這種雙分子層閉合囊泡耗費(fèi)了漫長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間從用于生物物理研究到成為生物醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域的重要傳遞系統(tǒng)。納米尺度，生物膜相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，優(yōu)良的生物相容性等特點(diǎn)都是脂質(zhì)體作為傳遞系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，特別是其易于進(jìn)行表面改性的表面高密度功能基團(tuán)對(duì)脂質(zhì)體的優(yōu)化極為有利。脂質(zhì)體作為藥物傳遞系統(tǒng)是通過(guò)利用脂質(zhì)分子的雙親性將親水性藥物或者疏水性藥物包載于囊泡的內(nèi)部水相或者脂質(zhì)膜中。此外，陽(yáng)離子脂質(zhì)分子具有壓縮基因或者吸附蛋白質(zhì)的能力，故其又可以作為生物大分子載體加以利用。而裝載了MRI（核磁共振成像）分子探針、NIR（近紅外光譜技術(shù)）分子探針或者其他診斷試劑的脂質(zhì)體還可用于疾病診斷。脂質(zhì)體共載體系則是充分利用脂質(zhì)體的荷載能力，將多種治療劑或者分子探針裝載于同一傳遞系統(tǒng)中，以達(dá)到協(xié)同治療或診療一體的目的。本文系統(tǒng)地論述了脂質(zhì)體的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化、內(nèi)容物的選擇以及目前的臨床應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀。

Abstract:

Since the pioneering observation of Alec Bangham that phospholipids in aqueous systems can form closed bilayered structures in 1965, liposomes have moved a long way from being just another exotic object of biophysical research to become a pharmaceutical carrier of choice for numerous practical applications. The speciality of liposome is beneficial as delivery systems, such as nanoscale, mimetic biomembrane structure, better biocompatibility and facile modification at surface. In light of amphipathicity, water-soluble drug and water-insoluble drug can be loaded into aqueous liposome interior and the liposomal membrane, respectively. Furthermore, liposome also can be used as gene delivery system because its cationic surface charge. And molecular probes loaded liposome can be used for diagnosis. In addition, liposome can load with two or three therapeutic agents for synergistic treatment and/or molecular probes for theranostics. In this paper，the structural design, therapeutic agent and clinical application of liposomal delivery system was summarized and commented．