文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress in Adsorption Materials for Heavy Metals

作者:

劉立華; 楊正池; 趙露

（湖南科技大學化學化工學院，理論有機化學與功能分子教育部重點實驗室，精細聚合物可控制備與功能應用湖南省重點實驗室，湖南 湘潭 411201）

Author(s):

LIU Lihua;  YANG Zhengchi;  ZHAO Lu

（Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Function Application of Fine Polymer,Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China）

關鍵詞:

重金屬; 吸附法; 天然吸附材料; 合成吸附材料; 生物吸附材料

Keywords:

heavy metal;  adsorption method;  natural adsorption material;  synthetic adsorption material;  biosorption material

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2018.02.04

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

重金屬不能被微生物降解，微量即可產生顯著毒性，并易在生物體內特別是人體內富集而產生累積性中毒，是一類對人類危害極大的污染物。重金屬廢水是對環境污染最嚴重，對人類危害最大的廢水之一。迄今，已研發了多種重金屬廢水處理方法，主要有化學沉淀法、鐵氧體法、離子交換法、膜分離、浮選法、電化學方法和吸附法等。其中，吸附法因其操作簡單、效率較高、成本較低等優點，在重金屬廢水處理中獲得日益廣泛的應用。吸附法處理重金屬廢水的關鍵在于吸附材料的性能。用于重金屬廢水處理的吸附材料按來源可分為天然吸附材料、合成吸附材料和生物吸附材料。本文系統綜述了重金屬吸附材料的研究進展，分析了存在的問題與不足，提出了發展趨勢和方向。

Abstract:

Heavy metal is a type of hazardous pollutants to human beings because it is non-biodegradable, high toxic even at microsacle, and easily accumulate in organisms, especially in human body, ultimately leading to cumulative poisoning. Heavy metal wastewater is one of the most serious pollution to the environment and the most harmful to humans. Many heavy metal wastewater treatment methods have been developed so far, including chemical precipitation, ferrite method, ion exchange, membrane separation, electrochemical method, and adsorption. Among these methods, adsorption is widely applied in the treatment of heavy metals because of its simple operation, high efficiency, and low cost. The key to heavy metal wastewater treatment by adsorption is the performance of the adsorbent used. According to the sources, the adsorption materials applied in the heavy metal wastewater treatment can be divided into natural adsorption material, synthetic adsorption material and biosorption material. In this paper, the research advances in adsorption materials for heavy metal are reviewed, the existing problems and deficiencies are analyzed, and the development trend and direction are put forward.