文章信息/Info

Title:

Research development of polysiloxanes with special topologies

作者:

李澤; 汪旭紅; 郝超偉; 楊雄發; 來國橋

(杭州師范大學 有機硅化學及材料技術教育部重點實驗室，浙江 杭州311121)?
?

Author(s):

LI Ze;  WANG Xuhong;  HAO Chaowei;  YANG Xiongfa;  LAI Guoqiao

(Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China)

關鍵詞:

特殊拓撲結構; 聚硅氧烷; 合成; 性能; 應用

Keywords:

special topologies;  polysiloxanes;  synthesis;  properties;  applications

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2018.03.01

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

聚硅氧烷是一類以重復的Si-O鍵為主鏈的聚合物。Si-O鍵較長，具有部分雙鍵特性和較強的離子性，裂解能較高，Si-O-Si鍵角較大。Si-O鍵所具有的特性使得聚硅氧烷具有耐高低溫、耐輻射、耐氣候老化、電氣絕緣、耐臭氧、憎水、難燃、無毒、無腐蝕和生理惰性等優異性能。聚硅氧烷在航空航天、建筑、電子電器、日用化學品和醫藥等領域具有重要用途。由于制備聚硅氧烷的原料豐富，所以聚硅氧烷的普及應用有助于減少人類對不可再生資源的依賴。提高聚硅氧烷的性能可以進一步拓展其應用范圍，而高分子材料的性能主要取決于其主鏈結構。因此，制備具有特殊拓撲結構的聚硅氧烷至關重要。本文主要介紹了大環、密閉多環、高度支化、籠型、半籠型、雙甲板型和梯型等幾種具有特殊拓撲結構聚硅氧烷的合成、性能與應用方面的研究進展。

Abstract:

Polysiloxanes are a kind of polymers having Si-O main chains. Si-O bond is long, with partial double-bond and substantial ionic characters, and high bond dissociation energy. Furthermore, the value of the Si-O-Si angle is high. The features of Si-O bond make polysiloxanes have many excellent performances, such as high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance, weathering resistance, electrical insulation, ozone resistance, water repellence, fire retardance, non-toxic, no corrosion, and physiological inertia. Polysiloxanes are important materials in several areas, for example, in aerospace, architecture, electronics, daily chemicals, and medicines. Besides, the raw materials for preparation of polysiloxanes are abundant. Expanding the application range of polysiloxanes can help human beings reduce the dependence on non-renewable resources. On the other hand, improving the performances of polysiloxanes can further expand the application range of polysiloxanes. And the performances of polymer materials mainly depend on their main chain structures. Consequently, the preparation of polysiloxanes having special topologies is a key point. In this paper, the research progress of synthesis, properties, and application of polysiloxanes with special topologies, including macrocyclic, closed multicyclic, hyperbranched, cage, semi-cage, double-decker-shaped, and ladder polysiloxanes, are introduced.