文章信息/Info

Title:

Technology Progress and Industry Development of Rare-earth Permanent Magnets

作者:

胡伯平；饒曉雷；鈕萼；蔡道炎

中科三環研究院

Author(s):

HU Boping； RAO Xiaolei；NIU E；Cai Daoyan

Zhong Ke San Huan Research

關鍵詞:

稀土; 永磁材料; 釹鐵硼; 釤鈷; 燒結; 粘結; 快淬

Keywords:

rare earths;  permanent magnets; Nd-Fe-B;  Sm-Co; sintering; bonding; rapidly quench

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2018.09.02

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

近年來，燒結釹鐵硼生產技術一直在不斷進步，晶界擴散、晶界調控等工藝被普遍采用，晶粒細化技術正在推進；靶式氣流磨在生產中開始使用，自動成形、自動檢測和自動充磁等也有很大提高。隨著燒結釹鐵硼在高性能電機中日益廣泛的應用，高磁能積且高工作溫度磁體成為研發的核心目標，成果顯著。為了促進稀土元素平衡利用、降低磁體成本，高豐度稀土燒結磁體研發也取得重大突破。粘結磁體方面，國產各向同性快淬釹鐵硼磁粉的產量增長迅速，釤鐵氮磁粉量產也初具規模，各向異性HDDR釹鐵硼磁粉已可批量生產，各向異性粘結磁體正在開發之中。自本世紀以來，全球釹鐵硼產業在中國的帶動下持續放量增長。2002~2017十五年期間，我國和全球燒結釹鐵硼產量的年平均增長率分別為17.8%和14.5%，粘結釹鐵硼產量的年平均增長率分別為10.1%和5.6%。2017年，全球稀土永磁材料的成品產量為13.1萬噸，其中燒結釹鐵硼磁體占91.4%，粘結釹鐵硼磁體占6.7%，熱壓/熱變形釹鐵硼磁體占0.6%，燒結釤鈷磁體僅占1.3%。

Abstract:

In recent years, sintered Nd-Fe-B production techniques have been continuously progressing. The grain boundary diffusion and grain boundary modification techniques have been commonly used and the grain refinement technique is advancing. Target�瞭ype jet mills begin to be used in production. The automatic compressing, automatic inspection and automatic magnetization have been greatly improved. With wide applications of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet in high performance motors, the R&D of magnets with both high magnetic energy product and high working temperature become the core objective, which has made notable achievement. In order to improve the balanced use of rare earth resources and reduce the magnet costs, the R&D of magnet with high abundant rare�瞖arth has made great breakthrough. For bonded magnets, the output of domestic isotropic rapid quenching Nd-Fe-B powder is growing rapidly. Sm-Fe-N powder is also in mass production. The anisotropic HDDR Nd-Fe-B powder is capable for mass production and the anisotropic bonded Nd-Fe-B is under developing. Since the beginning of the 21st century, with Chinese Nd-Fe-B industry in the lead, the global Nd-Fe-B industry is sustainably increasing. From 2002 to 2017, the average annual growth rates of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets sales quantity is 17.8% for China and 14.5% for the world respectively. The average annual growth rates of bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets sales quantity is 10.1% for China and 5.6% for the world respectively. In 2017, the production output of global rare�瞖arth permanent magnets is 131 thousand tons. Among them, 0.6% and sintered Sm-Co magnet 1.3%.