文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Carbon Materials with High�睴riented Thermal Conductivity

文章編號:

1674-3962(2020)06-0450-08

作者:

崔正威1; 2; 袁觀明1; 2; 董志軍1; 2; 叢野1; 2; 李軒科1; 2

（1. 武漢科技大學 省部共建耐火材料與冶金國家重點實驗室，湖北 武漢 430081）（2. 武漢科技大學 煤轉化與新型炭材料湖北省重點實驗室，湖北 武漢 430081）

Author(s):

CUI Zhengwei1; 2;  YUAN Guanming1; 2;  DONG Zhijun1; 2;  CONG Ye1; 2;  LI Xuanke1; 2

(1. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China) (2. Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China)

關鍵詞:

高定向; 熱導率; 炭材料; 熱管理

Keywords:

high-orientation;  thermal conductivity;  carbon materials;  thermal management

分類號:

TQ127.1+1

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.201901027

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

微電子及通訊技術領域的快速發(fā)展對熱管理材料提出了更高要求，迫切需要設計和開發(fā)高定向導熱炭材料。高定向炭材料因其較高的石墨微晶結晶度和石墨化度、有序規(guī)整堆疊的石墨烯層片，而具有典型的各向異性高導熱特性。粉末狀炭材料（如鱗片石墨、氣相生長炭纖維、納米碳管、石墨烯等）的熱導率雖然很高，但作為導熱填料制備的復合材料的整體導熱效果不佳，因此其在大型高功率集成器件散熱領域的應用會受到一定限制。控制炭材料內部石墨微晶大小、取向和取向連續(xù)性是實現(xiàn)炭材料高定向導熱性的關鍵。通過選擇合適的碳質前驅體、成型工藝和熱處理條件，調控石墨烯層片連續(xù)取向得到的宏觀尺寸炭材料（如柔性石墨、天然鱗片石墨模壓塊、高定向熱解石墨、聚酰亞胺石墨膜/塊體、中間相瀝青基炭纖維連續(xù)長絲及其復合材料等），可使石墨晶體沿（002）晶面方向保持高導熱特性，實現(xiàn)高定向、連續(xù)、多維度可調控熱傳導，因此在導熱、散熱、熱防護等領域具有廣闊的應用市場。

Abstract:

The rapid development in the fields of microelectronics and communication technologies has put forward higher requirements for thermal management materials, and there is an urgent need for designing and developing carbon materials with high-oriented thermal conductivity. High-oriented carbon materials possess typical anisotropic and high thermal conductivities, owing to their high crystallinity and graphitization degree as well as orderly stacking of graphene sheets. Although powdery carbon materials, such as flake graphite, vapor-grown carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, etc. have high thermal conductivities, the thermal conduction of composites using powdery carbon materials as thermal conductive fillers is not well-performed. Therefore, their application will be subject to certain restrictions in the field of thermal dissipation of large integrated devices with high power. It is critical to achieve high-oriented thermal conductive performance for carbon materials by controlling the size, orientation and orientation continuity of graphite microcrystal. Macro-sized carbon materials, such as flexible graphite, natural flake graphite-molded block, high-oriented pyrolytic graphite, polyimide graphite film/block, mesophase pitch-based continuous carbon filament and its composite, etc. can be obtained via choosing suitable carbonaceous precursors, forming processes and heat treatment conditions, as well as controlling the continuous orientation of graphene sheets. The graphite crystal of macro-sized carbon materials along the (002) crystalline direction maintains high thermal conductive performance, so that their high-oriented, continuous and multi-dimension-tunable thermal conduction will come true. Therefore, the macro-sized carbon materials have a broad application market in the field of thermal management, such as thermal conduction, thermal dissipation and thermal protection, etc.