文章信息/Info

Title:

Progress in Powder Metallurgical Brake Materials for High�睸peed Trains

作者:

姚萍屏; 肖葉龍; 張忠義; 周海濱; 貢太敏; 趙林; 鄧敏文

中南大學 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，湖南 長沙 410083

Author(s):

YAO Pingping; XIAO Yelong; ZHANG Zhongyi; ZHOU Haibin; GONG Taimin; ZHAO Lin; DENG Minwen

State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy，Central South University，Changsha 410083，China

關鍵詞:

高速列車; 制動材料; 粉末冶金; 研究進展; 摩擦磨損

Keywords:

high�瞫peed train; brake materials; powder metallurgy; research progress; tribological properties

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2019.02.06

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

為適應高速列車更快速、更安全、更舒適、更環保的發展需求，高速列車制動材料應具備合適且穩定的摩擦因數、優良的耐磨性、高的耐熱性與抗熱疲勞性、足夠的機械強度、與制動盤匹配良好、良好的環境適應性及環境友好性等特性。由于在制動方面具有不可替代的優越性，目前300 km/h及以上的高速列車均采用粉末冶金制動材料。從材料設計、制備技術、摩擦磨損性能與機理及性能評價等方面，對近年來高速列車粉末冶金制動材料的研究進展進行了綜述。首先，闡述了材料中基體組元、潤滑組元及摩擦組元的基礎研究，以及材料的環保化、組元簡易化發展趨勢；其次，探討了制備工藝參數對摩擦磨損性能的影響，簡述了制備技術的發展；再次，分析了服役條件對摩擦磨損性能的影響規律，介紹了閘片/制動盤匹配性的研究；最后，歸納了摩擦磨損性能的評價與預測方法，總結了摩擦磨損機理的最新研究進展。

Abstract:

To meet the demands of high�瞫peed trains that become faster, safer, more comfortable and eco�瞗riendly, the brake materials for high�瞫peed trains should possess the characteristics of the predictable friction coefficient, satisfactory wear resistance, high heat resistance and thermal fatigue resistance, sufficient mechanical performance, low aggressivity against the brake disc, and environmental friendliness. Due to their attractive properties, powder metallurgical materials are top choices as brake materials for high�瞫peed trains with the maximum speed of 300 km/h and above. Research progress on the materials design, preparative technique, tribological properties, and performance assessment of powder metallurgical brake materials for high�瞫peed trains in recent years were summarized. Firstly, the fundamental research on metal matrix, lubricant component, and friction component, and the trends on environmental friendliness and simplification of components added to the material were elaborated. Secondly, the effects of process parameters on the frictional properties were discussed, and the progress in preparative technique was described. Thirdly, the influences of the braking conditions on the tribological properties were analyzed, and the adaptability of brake pads/disc was introduced. Finally, the braking performance evaluation and prediction were demonstrated, and the latest research progress in the friction and wear mechanism was reviewed.