文章信息/Info

Title:

Tailoring the Strengthening Particles in Aluminum Alloys by Microalloying

作者:

高一涵;  劉 剛;  孫 軍

（西安交通大學 金屬材料強度國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710049）

Author(s):

GAO Yihan;  LIU Gang;  SUN Jun

(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049, China)

關鍵詞:

鋁合金; 微合金化; 析出相; 微觀組織; 強韌化機制

Keywords:

Al alloy;  microalloying;  precipitates;  microstructure;  strengthening/toughening mechanism

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2019.03.05

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

微合金化是目前改善鋁合金結構材料綜合力學性能最為高效的方法之一。而如何有針對性地選擇利用微合金化手段，實現更為有效的微合金化效果，并在更深層次理解微合金化作用機制，是研發高性能鋁合金結構材料長期以來所面對的瓶頸與挑戰。藉由原子探針技術等多種先進實驗測試技術及第一性原理等計算模擬手段，鋁合金中的微合金化研究在近期取得了諸多引人注目的成果，對微合金化機理的理解也向更精細的納米層級乃至原子層級邁進。結合當前國內外有關微合金化鋁合金中析出相優化改性的一系列最新進展，分別闡述了3類典型的微合金化機制，包括：作為異質點促進原有析出相形核；提供界面偏聚以提升析出相熱穩定性；析出額外的強化相以進一步提升合金強度，并對其進一步的復合微合金化機制做了探討。文末對鋁合金微合金化研究的發展趨勢進行了展望。

Abstract:

Microalloying is one of the most effective approaches to optimize the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. How to utilize the microalloying effect specifically as well as efficiently, and deeply understand the microalloying mechanism, is a grand challenge for the high-performance aluminum alloys sexisting for a long period. Based on the recent development of advanced microstructural characterization and computational simulation, the investigations of microalloying mechanism in aluminum alloys have achieved much with a better inspection into nano and atomic scale. This paper briefly reviewed the recent progresses in ageing-hardening microalloyed aluminum alloys aiming to tailor the precipitation behavior, which is generally classified as three main goals: promoting the nucleation of original precipitates as heterogenous nuclei; segregating to precipitate/matrix interface to enhance its stability; creating extra strengthening precipitates. Related multiple microalloying effects were also discussed. At the end, a brief prospect of the microalloyed aluminum alloys in future was proposed.