文章信息/Info

Title:

Correlation between Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Non-Equilibrium Phase Transformation of Metallic Material

作者:

張玉兵; 王慷; 彭浩然; 張旭; 陳豫增; 劉峰

（西北工業大學 凝固技術國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710072）

Author(s):

ZHANG Yubing; WANG Kang; PENG Haoran; ZHANG Xu; CHEN Yuzeng; LIU Feng

(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China)

關鍵詞:

熱力學; 動力學; 金屬材料; 相變; 相關性

Keywords:

thermodynamics; kinetics; metallic materials; phase transformation; correlation

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2019.03.07

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

金屬熱加工通過相變決定材料最終組織和性能。隨非平衡技術快速發展，熱加工工藝趨于極端化和多樣化，控制相變的熱力學與動力學機制從簡單近平衡條件下的相對獨立轉變為復雜遠平衡條件下的高度關聯。基于熱/動力學獨立處理的傳統理論已無法應對上述相變涉及的機理描述、組織預測和過程控制。這已然成為高端制造業迫切需要解決的關鍵問題，也給金屬材料非平衡相變研究帶來了挑戰和機遇。針對純Fe沿Bain路徑的馬氏體切變、低合金鋼組織調控中的馬氏體相變、晶界遷移及晶粒長大熱穩定性，整理出熱力學驅動力和動力學能壘的定量關聯，進而演繹并提出熱/動力學相關性。旨在探討相變熱力學和動力學間的固有規律，以指導典型工業用合金的微觀組織設計。

Abstract:

The final microstructure and property of metallic materials are determined by hot-working, in terms of phase transformations. With rapid development of the non-equilibrium technology, the processing of hot-working is becoming extreme and versatile, so that the thermodynamics and kinetics controlling the phase transformation is changed from the inter-independence corresponding to brief near-equilibrium process to the highly correlation corresponding to complicated extremely non-equilibrium process. Accordingly, the classical theory, basing on the independent treatment of thermodynamics and kinetics, has become unsuitable to describe the mechanism, predict the microstructure and control the process. This key problem needs to be solved urgently for high-end manufacturing industry, while brings challenges and opportunities for investigations of non-equilibrium phase transformation. The present review is focused on martensitic transition in Fe via Bain path, microstructure regulation by martensitic transformation in low-alloyed steels, and GB migration and the thermal stability of grain growth, quantitatively summarizing the correlation between thermodynamics and kinetics. On this basis, it is aimed to discuss the intrinsic law between thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transition, and thus guide the microstructure design for typical industrial alloys.