文章信息/Info

Title:

基于功能纖維的超復合材料設計理念

作者:

秦發祥; 等

浙江大學材料科學與工程學院 功能復合材料與結構研究所

Author(s):

Faxiang Qin;  et al

Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University

關鍵詞:

metamaterial;  metacomposite;  negative permittivity;  negative permeability;  transmission window;  magnetic wire array;  magnetic wire composite

Keywords:

超材料; 超復合材料; 負介電常數; 負磁導率; 透射窗口; 磁性纖維陣列; 磁性纖維復合材料

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2019.04.02

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

超材料由于在微波器件、完美鏡片和電磁隱身等多方面的應用潛力，引起了很多關注。典型的傳統超材料可以金屬線和開口環以周期性結構構建而成。然而，這種設計的尺寸太小，并且不適用于基于超材料的大規模應用。在這篇綜述中，我們將展示一種特殊類型的超材料，我們稱為超復合材料：即具有超材料特性的纖維增強的復合材料。其中重點講述了磁性微絲陣列使役的超復合材料及其在復合材料構件的結構健康監測、雷達天線罩中的頻率選擇性響應等一系列工程場景中的典型應用示例。在這種超復合材料中，負磁導率是由鐵磁共振引起的，負介電常數是由等離子體響應實現的，等離子體響應由添加相的尺寸和拓撲結構等幾何參數決定。該種材料在簡化設計、實現面內各向同性性能以及應力、磁場和電流驅動的性能可調性方面具有優勢。此外，可以通過調控纖維填料在組成、長度、直徑的本征特征、進行后處理、或者與其他材料進行混雜等方式進行優化設計，以實現最佳的調諧能力，從而實現預期的應用。除了聚焦超復合材料設計理念之外，還詳盡闡述了自動化制造過程和制備出來的材料的結構性能，以期獲得真正實用的多功能復合材料。

Abstract:

Recently, metamaterials attract much attention due to a number of possible applications including those for microwave range, perfect lenses and electromagnetic cloaking. Conventionally, a metamaterial is considered to consist of metal wires and metal split rings assembled in a periodic cell structure. However, such design suffers from too small dimensions and is not suitable for cases when the objects made of metamaterial aim for large�瞫cale applications. In this review, we will show a particular type of metamaterials, named as metacomposites, i�眅��, fiber reinforced composite material with the metamaterial characteristics; particularly magnetic microwire array enabled composites that can be employed for a range of engineering applications from structural health monitoring of composite components to frequency selective response in radar radome as a typical example. In such metacomposites, the negative permeability is due to the ferromagnetic resonance and the negative permittivity is realized from the plasmonic response which is dominated by the geometrical parameters of the inclusions, such as size and topology. They are advantageous in simplified design, isotropic in�瞤lane performance, and possible tunability of performance by stress, magnetic field and current. For a feasible metacomposite fabricated from microwire arrays, one could approach optimized design or modulation via intrinsic features of the wire inclusions in terms of composition, length, diameter, post�瞗abrication treatments, hybridization to achieve the finest tuning capability and thus, prospective applications. In addition to such metacomposite design philosophy of key topic to this review, manufacturing automation and the resultant structural performance are also carefully addressed in order to obtain a truly applicable multifunctional composite.