文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress of Interaction between Refractories and Molten Steel

作者:

黃奧; 王雅杰; 鄒永順; 付綠平; 顧華志; 李光強

（武漢科技大學 省部共建耐火材料與冶金國家重點實驗室，湖北 武漢 430081）

Author(s):

HUANG Ao; WANG Yajie; ZOU Yongshun; FU Lvping; GU Huazhi; LI Guangqiang

(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430081，China)

關鍵詞:

耐火材料; 鋼液; 反應; 侵蝕; 夾雜物; 電磁場

Keywords:

refractories;  molten steel;  reaction;  corrosion;  inclusions;  electromagnetic field

分類號:

TQ175

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.201903032

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

耐火材料服務于國民經濟和國防建設等眾多領域，是冶金、建材、環保、能源、化工等高溫工業不可替代的關鍵基礎材料。隨著國家建設與發展，高品質潔凈鋼的研發與生產越來越受到重視，而耐火材料直接參與鋼鐵冶煉過程，不僅是鋼鐵安全高效生產的重要保障，也對鋼的質量有顯著影響。鋼冶煉用耐火材料與鋼液反應會嚴重改變鋼中碳、磷、硫、氮、氧等以及合金元素的組成及含量，既可以吸附、去除夾雜，也會產生夾雜，是鋼中非金屬夾雜物的主要來源之一。闡述了不同材質耐火材料與鋼液的反應機理及其對鋼質量的影響，研究表明，耐火材料與不同合金鋼液反應界面層的組成差異較大，而高熔點、高粘度界面層的形成能有效抑制鋼液對耐火材料的進一步滲透侵蝕；動態冶煉條件將加劇耐火材料的損毀及鋼中外生夾雜；鋼液對耐火材料的動態蝕損機制為：鋼液滲透耐火材料并與其組分發生反應形成低熔點液相層，然后在劇烈的運動條件下，鋼液與該液相界面層發生乳化卷混并造成其剝離，進而與耐火材料形成新界面，這一過程循環往復導致耐火材料不斷蝕損，污染鋼液；在外加電磁場、熔鋼自源磁場以及高熵合金（鋼）的發展下，耐火材料與鋼液的作用機制亟待進一步研究，同時，耐火材料數值模擬結合大數據技術有望發揮重要功效，可為高品質潔凈鋼的生產及耐火材料基因工程建設提供指導。

Abstract:

Refractories serve for many fields such as national economy and defence construction, which are the irreplaceable basic materials in high temperature industries such as metallurgy, building materials, environmental protection, energy, chemical engineering and so on. With the construction and development of the country, more and more attention has been paid to the research, development and production of high quality clean steel. Refractories directly participate in the steel smelting process, which not only is an important guarantee for the safe and efficient production of steel, but also has a significant impact on the quality of steel. The reaction between refractories used in steel smelting and molten steel will seriously change the content of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and alloy elements in steel, which can not only adsorb and remove inclusions, but also produce inclusions. It is one of the main sources of non-metallic inclusions in steel. The reaction mechanism between refractories of different compositions and molten steel and its effect on steel quality are described in this paper. The results show that the composition of interfacial reaction layer between refractories and molten steel with different alloys is quite different. Ladle glaze is also the main source of inclusions in steel. The formation of high melting point and high viscosity interfacial layer can effectively inhibit the further steel penetration and corrosion to the refractories. Dynamic smelting conditions will aggravate the damage of refractories and increase inclusions in steel, and the dynamic steel corrosion mechanism on refractories is as follows. The molten steel penetrates the refractory and reacts to form a liquid layer. Then the layer will emulsify with the flowing steel, and the steel continue to react with the new interface of the refractory. This process leads to continuous corrosion of the refractory and contamination of the steel. Moreover, the interaction mechanism between refractories and molten steel (high-entropy alloy) under the external and self-generated electromagnetic field needs to be further studied, and modeling of refractories combined with big data technologies is a promising approach, which can provide guidance for the production of high�瞦uality steel and the development of refractories genetic engineering.