文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Nacre-Like Laminated Armor Materials

文章編號:

1674-3962(2021)03-0225-09

作者:

曾　凡; 張志明; 范根蓮; 譚占秋; 李志強(qiáng)

（上海交通大學(xué) 金屬基復(fù)合材料國家重點實驗室，上海 200240）

Author(s):

ZENG Fan;  ZHANG Zhiming;  FAN Genlian;  TAN Zhanqiu;  LI Zhiqiang

(State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240,China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

仿生; 貝殼珍珠母層; 裝甲材料; 高強(qiáng)韌度; 防彈性能

Keywords:

biomimetic;  nacre; armor material; high strength and toughness; bulletproof performance

分類號:

TB334

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.201911004

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

貝殼珍珠母層因其獨特的結(jié)構(gòu)而成為了一種優(yōu)秀的仿生材料模板，借鑒于貝殼高度復(fù)雜的多級疊層結(jié)構(gòu)，仿貝殼層狀復(fù)合裝甲材料體現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)異的強(qiáng)韌度和抗沖擊性能，得到了防彈防護(hù)領(lǐng)域的廣泛關(guān)注和研究。目前，仿貝殼層狀復(fù)合裝甲材料的研究方向主要集中于貝殼珍珠母層高綜合性能的原因和驗證，及其在各種材料中的復(fù)現(xiàn)。綜述了各種仿貝殼層狀復(fù)合裝甲材料的強(qiáng)韌化原理、制備技術(shù)和防護(hù)性能。首先綜述了貝殼的各種外在和內(nèi)在的增韌機(jī)制；其次綜述了目前常見的各種仿生制備技術(shù)及制備出材料的力學(xué)性能；在防護(hù)性能方面，主要綜述了各種彈道測試和有限元分析下的仿貝殼層狀復(fù)合裝甲材料的研究現(xiàn)狀。各種研究表明，仿貝殼層狀復(fù)合材料確實具有高強(qiáng)高韌、高斷裂吸收功等特點，但是要完美地做到仿生制備和精細(xì)調(diào)控材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和力學(xué)性能，仍需要進(jìn)行更多的研究。

Abstract:

Nacre is regarded as an excellent template for biomimetic materials because of its unique structure. The nacre-like laminated armor materials inspired from this highly complex multi-level laminated structure, have a combination of excellent strength, toughness and impact resistance. As a result, they have received extensive attentions in the field of bulletproof protection. At present, most researches of nacre-like laminated armor materials focused on the reason exploration and verification of the excellent properties, as well as the biomimetic synthesis in various materials. In this paper, the strengthening and toughening mechanisms, fabrication technology and protective properties of various nacre-like laminated armormaterials are reviewed. Firstly, the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms behind the excellent performance are reviewed, as well as various commonly used biomimetic techniques and mechanical properties. In terms of protective performance, the various ballistic tests and finite element analysis of the nacre-like laminated armor materials are mainly reviewed. Various studies have shown that the materials do have high strength, high toughness, and high fracture absorption work, etc., but more researches are needed to achieve more efficient biomimetic preparation and fine structure control.