文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Electrospun Nanofiber Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Battery

文章編號:

1674-3962(2020)07-0600-09

作者:

張鵬

（鄭州大學材料科學與工程學院，河南 鄭州 450001）

Author(s):

ZHANG Peng

（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

關鍵詞:

鋰硫電池; 靜電紡絲; 電紡納米纖維; 正極材料; 隔膜; 夾層

Keywords:

lithium-sulfur batteries;  electrospinning;  electrospun nanofiber;  cathode material;  separator;  interlayer

分類號:

TM912

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202005040

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

隨著科技的發展，人們對儲能設備提出了更高的要求，傳統的鋰離子電池已經接近其容量峰值，難以滿足當今社會對其能量密度的要求。鋰硫電池具有超高的理論能量密度（2600 Wh·kg-1），有望取代鋰離子電池成為下一代高能量密度儲能設備。然而，鋰硫電池中存在的關鍵問題，如中間產物多硫化鋰的穿梭效應、含硫物種緩慢的反應動力學和硫正極在充放電過程中較大的體積變化等，嚴重制約了鋰硫電池的發展。電紡納米纖維因其獨特的納米結構，展現出了一些獨有的性能，有望在高硫負載量和低電解液等極端條件下解決這些問題。著重評述了電紡納米纖維在鋰硫電池正極、隔膜和夾層這3個方面的材料設計結構以及研究進展，分析了材料性能、結構對鋰硫電池性能的影響，指出了電紡納米纖維面向鋰硫電池各部分的研究進展和發展方向。

Abstract:

With the development of technology, higher demands are placed on the performance of energy storage devices. The traditional lithium ion batteries have approached its peak capacity, which are unable to meet the ever-increasing demands for its energy density. Lithium-sulfur batteries are endowed with an excellent theoretical energy density (2600 Wh·kg-1), which is promising to replace the traditional lithium ion batteries as the next generation energy storage devices with high energy density. However, the severe shuttle effect of the polysulfides, sluggish kinetics of sulfur speices-redox reactions and the enormous volume change (~80%) of sulfur cathode over the charge-discharge cycles are main factors restricting the development of lithium-sulfur batteries. Due to the superior nanostructure, electrospun nanofiber materials commonly show some unique characteristics which can simultaneously resolve these problems even at the harsh conditions of high sulfur loading and lean electrolyte. This review introduces recent progress and structure design on electrospun nanofiber for the cathode, separator, and interlayer aspects in lithium-sulfur batteries. The impact of the material properties and structure on lithium-sulfur batteries performance are analyzed. The research and development directions of electrospun nanofibers for various parts of lithium-sulfur batteries are proposed.