文章信息/Info

Title:

合金元素對氧化鎢氫還原過程和鎢相關材料的組織與性能影響研究綜述

文章編號:

1674-3962(2022)06-0466-11

作者:

ZHANG Taiquan1; 2;  LONG Benfu2;  LIN Gaoan2

(1. China National R&D Center for Tungsten Technology, Technology Center of Xiamen Tungsten Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361009, China) (2. Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361021, China)

Author(s):

張太全1; 2; 龍本夫2; 林高安2

(1. 國家鎢材料工程技術研究中心，廈門鎢業股份有限公司技術中心，福建 廈門 361009) (2. 廈門金鷺特種合金有限公司，福建 廈門 361021)

關鍵詞:

alloying elements;  tungsten oxides;  hydrogen reduction;  tungsten powders;  grain morphology;  tungsten related materials

Keywords:

合金元素; 氧化鎢; 氫還原; 鎢粉末; 晶粒形貌; 鎢相關材料

分類號:

TG146.4+11;TF123.7;TF125.2

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202010007

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

In the hydrogen reduction process of tungsten oxides, it is difficult to avoid some impurity elements (the characteristic alloying elements of Fe, Cr, Co and Ni, etc. from the reduction boats or furnace tubes) entering the powder. In addition, in order to improve the properties of tungsten related materials (W powder, WC powder, W-based alloys, and WC-based alloys, etc��), some alloying elements will also be pre-doped into ammonium paratungstate (APT) or tungsten oxides powders. It is obvious that the above alloying elements will affect the reduction process of tungsten oxides, and further affect the properties of tungsten related materials. In this paper, effects of alloying elements (including start state, content, existence state, distribution, etc.) on the hydrogen reduction process of tungsten oxides and the quality of tungsten powder have been summarized. The growth mechanisms of tungsten particles (grains) are classified by analyzing the chemical reaction evolution between alloying elements and tungsten oxides in the hydrogen reduction process, including forming WOx·nMe2O or Me2O, non-volatile tungstates, volatile alloy oxides, and tungsten solid solution, etc., and reduction effect of alloying elements to tungsten oxides. Effects of alloying elements on microstructures and properties of final powder metallurgical tungsten related materials are also proposed by analyzing strengthening, phase-transition, grain growth, and interface structure forming mechanisms, etc. It is expected that some theoretical assistance can be guided to the actual production of tungsten related materials and products.

Abstract:

在氧化鎢氫還原過程中，很難避免一些雜質元素(例如還原舟皿或爐管中的Fe，Cr，Co和Ni等特征合金元素)進入粉末中；另外，為了改善鎢相關材料(例如W粉末、WC粉末、W基合金及WC基合金等)的性能，也會在仲鎢酸銨(ammonium paratungstate, APT)或氧化鎢粉末中預摻雜合金元素，很明顯這些合金元素會影響氧化鎢的氫還原過程，進一步也會影響鎢相關材料的性能。詳細綜述了合金元素(包括其初始狀態、含量、存在狀態、分布等)對氧化鎢氫還原過程和還原鎢粉末性能的影響。通過分析氫還原過程中合金元素與氧化鎢的化學反應過程(包括形成WOx·nMe2O或Me2O、難揮發性鎢酸鹽、揮發性合金氧化物及鎢固溶體等，以及合金元素對氧化鎢的還原），對鎢顆粒(晶粒)的生長機制進行了分類。通過分析合金元素的作用機理(包括：強化機理、相轉變機理、晶粒生長機理及界面結構形成機理等)，詳細總結了合金元素對最終粉末冶金鎢相關材料組織與性能的影響。期望能對鎢相關材料及產品的實際生產起到理論指導作用。