文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Strengthening-Toughening for Compounds of Transition-Metal and Light-Element Atoms

文章編號:

1674-3962(2021)03-0167-11

作者:

谷鑫磊1; 2; 張　侃1; 2; 文　懋1; 2; 鄭偉濤1; 2

（1. 吉林大學(xué) 超硬材料國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，吉林 長春 130025）（2. 吉林大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，吉林 長春 130025）

Author(s):

GU Xinlei1; 2;  ZHANG Kan1; 2;  WEN Mao1; 2;  ZHENG Weitao1; 2

(1. State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China) (2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

超硬薄膜材料; 過渡族金屬; 輕元素; 化合物; 強(qiáng)韌化

Keywords:

superhard thin films;  transition-metal;  light element;  compounds;  strengthening and toughening

分類號:

O614; TB383

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202012027

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

由于過渡族金屬具有極高的電子密度和抗壓縮能力，而輕元素的共價(jià)鍵網(wǎng)絡(luò)能強(qiáng)力抵抗形變，綜合它們所長形成的化合物多為硬質(zhì)（維氏硬度> 20 GPa）甚至超硬材料（維氏硬度>40 GPa）。基于此，過渡族金屬輕元素化合物薄膜為切削刀具、鉆具、耐磨涂層和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)部件等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)領(lǐng)域提供了重要的材料基礎(chǔ)。然而，高硬度通常伴隨著高脆性（低韌性），使裂紋萌生后快速擴(kuò)展，導(dǎo)致材料在服役中突然斷裂，從而降低材料的可靠性和使用壽命。因此，解決硬度與韌性的矛盾并實(shí)現(xiàn)材料綜合性能的提高（強(qiáng)韌化）雖然極具挑戰(zhàn)，但是意義重大。綜述了過渡族金屬輕元素化合物薄膜強(qiáng)韌化的常用手段和機(jī)理，介紹了在強(qiáng)韌化的基礎(chǔ)上薄膜展現(xiàn)出的其他優(yōu)異性能。通過全面總結(jié)分析，提出了薄膜強(qiáng)韌化亟待解決的科學(xué)問題和重要的研究方向。

Abstract:

Owing to high valence electron density and incompressibility of heavy transition-metal (TM), as well as the deformation resistance of light element (LE) atoms with strong covalent bonding, the compounds of TM and LE atoms exhibit hard (Vickers hardness>20 GPa), even superhard (Vickers hardness>40 GPa) characteristic. Based on that, The superhard/hard films are crucial and fundamental materials for applications in key technological fields, including cutting and drilling tools, wear-resistant coatings, and engine components. However, high hardness always brings with high brittleness (low toughness), which is in favor for cracks initiation and propagation. It might result in the materials fracture and decrease the reliability and service life of materials. Therefore, to deal with the conflict between hardness and toughness of superhard/hard films for achieving excellent comprehensive properties is full of challenges but also significant. The common methods and mechanisms of strengthening and toughening for superhard/hard films were reviewed in this paper. Furthermore, the other excellent properties of superhard/hard films obtained based on strengthening and toughening were introduced. Eventually, the urgent scientific problems and important research directions in the field of strengthening and toughening for superhard/hard films were put forword.