文章信息/Info

Title:

Phase Diagram, Phase Transformation and Materials Development of Coatings Served in Harsh Environments

文章編號:

1674-3962(2021)06-0401-16

作者:

�？煽�; 婁明; 徐凱; 陳雷雷; 袁媛

（中國科學院寧波材料技術與工程研究所 中國科學院海洋新材料與應用技術重點實驗室 浙江省海洋材料與防護技術重點實驗室，浙江 寧波 315201）

Author(s):

CHANG Keke; LOU Ming; XU Kai; CHEN Leilei; YUAN Yuan

（Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China）

關鍵詞:

相圖; 涂層; 非平衡; 相變; 材料設計

Keywords:

phase diagram;  coating;  non�瞖quilibrium;  phase transformation;  materials design

分類號:

TG113.14；V261.93+3

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202101020

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

面向海洋、航空、核能等重大工程中涂層的表面損傷與防護研究，精確的相圖與相變信息是高效研發高性能可靠涂層材料的關鍵。但是，涂層制備一般是非平衡的成相過程，涂層在苛刻環境中服役處于動態相變過程，因此，基于熱力學平衡的傳統相圖計算CALPHAD（CALculation of PHAse Diagrams）方法不再適用于涂層材料設計。概述了涂層相圖、相變研究及其應用于涂層材料設計的研究進展，重點評述了耦合CALPHAD、第一性原理計算和高通量實驗方法的關鍵作用；從材料制備、動態服役和數據庫指導材料開發3個方面出發，以典型的純元素、二元、三元和多元材料體系為實例，介紹了亞穩相圖模型、相變模擬與相圖數據庫在涂層材料研發中的應用；最后，提出了苛刻環境服役涂層相圖、相變與材料設計目前面臨的問題和挑戰。

Abstract:

For the research of surface damage and protection in marine, aeronautics, nuclear and other major projects, accurate phase diagram and phase transition information is the key to the efficient and reliable development of high-performance coating materials. However, coatings preparation is generally a non-equilibrium phase formation process, while their service in harsh environments results in dynamic phase transformation. Therefore, the traditional CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) approach based on thermodynamic equilibrium is no longer suitable for the design of coating materials. In this work, the research progress of coating phase diagram, phase transition and its application in design of coating materials were summarized, with emphasis on the key roles of coupled CALPHAD, first-principles calculations and high-throughput experimental methods. From three aspects (materials preparation, dynamic service and database guided material development) and with typical unary, binary, ternary and multi�瞔omponent material systems as examples, the applications of metastable phase formation modeling, phase transformation simulation and phase diagram databases in the research and development of coating materials were introduced. Finally, the challenges of phase diagram, phase transformation and materials design for coatings served in harsh environments were proposed.