文章信息/Info

Title:

Research and Development Progress and Prospects of High Purity Iron

文章編號:

1674-3962(2021)10-0762-10

作者:

黃龍超1; 劉南君1; 王章潔1; 鄭芮1; 劉博宇1; 王文斌2; 單智偉1

（1. 西安交通大學 金屬材料強度國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710049）（2. 陜西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司，陜西 西安 710077）

Author(s):

HUANG Longchao1;  LIU Nanjun1;  WANG Zhangjie1;  ZHENG Rui1;  LIU Boyu1;  WANG Wenbin2;  SHAN Zhiwei1

(1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China) (2. Shaanxi Sirui Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710077, China)

關鍵詞:

高純鐵; 原材料; 濕法提純; 火法提純; 工業(yè)化制備

Keywords:

high purity iron;  raw material;  hydrometallurgy purification;  pyrometallurgy purification;  industrialproduction

分類號:

TG141

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202106021

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

高純鐵是指純度超過99.9%的鐵。以高純鐵為原料開發(fā)的鐵基材料具有比傳統(tǒng)鐵基材料更優(yōu)異的性能，如更低的韌脆轉變溫度和再結晶溫度、更好的抗腐蝕性能、更高的最大磁導率以及優(yōu)良的導電性及低溫熱傳導率，并因此在航空航天、電子信息、電力工業(yè)、軍事工業(yè)等領域具有廣闊的應用前景。雖然我國是全球最大的工業(yè)鐵生產(chǎn)國和消費國，但卻缺乏經(jīng)濟高效的高純鐵生產(chǎn)技術，導致所需高純鐵嚴重依賴進口�；仡櫜⒖偨Y了當前世界上最具代表性的4種高純鐵制備方法，即直接還原�踩鄯志珶挿椒�、電解制備方法、火法提純制備方法及濕法提純+火法提純的聯(lián)合提純制備方法，梳理并對比了我國與歐美日等發(fā)達國家的高純鐵制備技術研發(fā)歷程，繪制了當前鐵的純度和市場價格之間的關系圖，闡明了雜質(zhì)元素對合金性能可能造成的負面影響，探討了國內(nèi)外高純鐵的未來發(fā)展趨勢，并結合現(xiàn)狀從制備技術的研發(fā)、行業(yè)標準的建立、應用市場的開拓及相關產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展等方面對我國高純鐵工業(yè)化制備進行了展望。

Abstract:

High purity iron is defined as iron that has purity more than 99.9%. High purity iron-based materials have higher performance than traditional iron-based materials, such as lower ductile-to-brittle transition temperature and recrystallization temperature, higher corrosion resistance, higher maximum permeability, excellent conductivity and low temperature thermal conductivity, thus showing promising applications in aerospace, electronics-information, electric power and military industries etc. However, China currently has to import most of the high purity iron used in its industry and scientific research institute, although China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of industrial iron, due to the lack of economic and efficient preparation technology of high purity iron. In this article, four typical methods for the preparation of high purity iron in the present world, direct reduction-smelting separation refining method, electrolysis method, pyrometallurgy method and hydrometallurgy-pyrometallurgy combined method, are reviewed and summarized. The development processes of researches in high purity iron preparation technology between China and developed countries such as Japan, Europe and the U.S. are compared. The relationship between the purity of iron and its current market price is illustrated. The possible negative effects of impurity elements on alloy properties are also indicated. The developing trend of high purity iron at home and abroad is discussed. At last, the industrial production of high purity iron in China is prospected from aspects of the research and development of preparation technology, the establishment of industrial standards, the development of application market and the development of related industries.