文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress of Cathode Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)08-0724-10

作者:

夏 勇; 祝 婷; 翁 毅; 訚 碩

1.湖南中偉新能源科技有限公司，湖南 長沙 410625 2.湖南中聯重科應急裝備有限公司，湖南 長沙 410203

Author(s):

XIA Yong; ZHU Ting; WENG Yi; YIN Shuo

1.Hunan CNGR New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410625, China 2.Hunan Zoomlion Emergency Equipment Co., Ltd., Changsha 410203,China

關鍵詞:

鋰硫電池; 正極; 復合材料; 碳材料; 多硫化物

Keywords:

lithium-sulfur batteries;  cathode;  composites;  carbon material;  polysulfide

分類號:

TM912；TB334

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202109016

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

鋰硫電池體系因其超高理論能量密度，被認為是極具發展前景的下一代電池體系。但是，現階段鋰硫電池體系特別是正極部分仍然存在諸多技術難題，開發高性能正極材料成為鋰硫電池體系的重要研究內容。總結了多孔碳、碳納米管、石墨烯等復合碳基載硫材料以及其他類型非碳載硫材料，分析了上述材料在鋰硫電池體系中的作用機理。重點介紹了正極部分存在的多硫化物“穿梭效應”導致循環性能差、單質硫及其化合物絕緣性引起導電性差和硫利用率低、載硫低引起的體積能量密度小以及單質硫放電過程體積膨脹等技術難題，并綜述了針對各類問題提出的相應策略和研究成果。最后展望了高性能碳基材料以其低廉的價格和優異的性能將繼續成為鋰硫電池正極材料商業化發展的研究重點。

Abstract:

The lithium-sulfur battery system is considered to be a promising next�瞘eneration battery system due to its ultra-high theoretical energy density. However, there are still many technical challenges in the lithium-sulfur battery system, especially in the positive electrode part, and the development of high�瞤erformance positive electrode materials has become an important research direction for the lithium-sulfur battery system. This article briefly introduces carbon-based sulfur-carrying composite materials such as porous carbon,carbon nanotubes and graphene, and other types of non-carbon-based sulfur-carrying materials, and analyzes the action mechanisms of these materials in lithium-sulfur battery systems. At the same time, the technical challenges in cathode parts of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed, such as poor cycle performance caused by the shuttle effect of polysulfides, poor conductivity and low sulfur utilization due to the insulation of elemental sulfur and its compounds, low volume energy density caused by low sulfur loading, and volume expansion in elemental sulfur discharge, and the corresponding strategies and research progress are summarized. Finally, it is expected that high-performance carbon-based materials will continue to be the research focus of the commercial development of lithium-sulfur battery cathode materials due to their low price and excellent performance.