文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress of Superalloys Fabricated by Selective Electron Beam Melting (SEBM)

文章編號:

1674-3962(2022)04-0252-16

作者:

彭徽1; 2; 陶申1; 陳博3; 郭洪波2; 4

（1. 北京航空航天大學 前沿科學技術創(chuàng)新研究院，北京 100191）（2. 北京航空航天大學 高溫結(jié)構材料與涂層技術工信部重點實驗室，北京 100191）（3. 萊斯特大學工學院，英國 萊斯特 LE1 7RH）（4. 北京航空航天大學材料科學與工程學院，北京 100191）

Author(s):

PENG Hui1; 2; TAO Shen1; CHEN Bo3; GUO Hongbo2; 4

(1. Research Institute for Frontier Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China) (2. Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Structural Materials & Coatings Technology (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China) (3. School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK) (4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China)

關鍵詞:

增材制造; 電子束選區(qū)熔化; 高溫合金; 裂紋敏感性; 組織調(diào)控

Keywords:

additive manufacturing;  selective electron beam melting;  superalloy;  crack sensitivity;  microstructure tailoring

分類號:

TF124; TG146.1+5

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202109041

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

高溫合金具有優(yōu)異的抗氧化、耐腐蝕等性能，被廣泛應用于航空發(fā)動機熱端部件。以激光、電子束等高能束流為熱源的增材制造（additive manufacturing，AM）技術在制備復雜結(jié)構高溫合金部件方面具有顯著優(yōu)勢：不僅能縮短生產(chǎn)制造周期、降低研發(fā)成本，而且能夠細化合金組織，提高合金力學性能。但隨著高溫合金中鋁、鈦含量的增加，γ′相體積占比增大，合金高溫力學性能提升的同時也造成其可焊性差，給增材制造該類高溫合金帶來挑戰(zhàn)。與激光選區(qū)熔化（selective laser melting，SLM）技術相比，電子束選區(qū)熔化（selective electron beam melting，SEBM）技術可通過粉末床預熱緩解合金凝固熱應力，有利于降低增材制造時的熱裂傾向。針對近年來國內(nèi)外SEBM技術制備鎳基高溫合金、鈷基高溫合金等合金所涉及的工藝參數(shù)、微觀組織、力學性能及應用等方面進行了綜述，包括作者課題組新近的成果，并指出該領域的未來發(fā)展方向。

Abstract:

uperalloys are widely used in hot components of aero-engines, mainly due to their good oxidation/corrosion resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. Beam-based additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, particularly the laser and electron beam melting processes, exhibit great potential in producing superalloy components with complex geometries. It combines the advantages of both high flexibility and cost-effectiveness. Besides, the AM superalloys usually have a comparably higher tensile strength than the conventional cast, as a result of the yielded refined microstructure. However, with the increase of Al and Ti content, the superalloys with a higher volume fraction of γ′ phase demonstrate high crack sensitivity. This brings challenges of applying AM to the aero industry. Compared with selective laser melting (SLM), the powder bed preheating featured by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) helps alleviating the thermal stress and the resultant hot cracks. In this review, the latest developments of Ni and Co-based superalloys fabricated by SEBM are reviewed. The SEBM processing parameters, microstructure and mechanical properties of weldable and non�瞱eldable superalloys are compared and evaluated. Finally, several possible research directions are also suggested.