文章信息/Info

Title:

Electronic Transport and Strategies in Thermoelectric Materials

文章編號:

1674-3962(2022)12-0990-15

作者:

張馨月; 陳志煒; 李 文; 裴艷中

（同濟大學材料科學與工程學院 材料交叉學科研究中心, 上海 201804 ）

Author(s):

ZHANG Xinyue;  CHEN Zhiwei;  LI Wen;  PEI Yanzhong

(Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering，Tongji University，Shanghai 201804，China)

關鍵詞:

熱電能量轉換技術; 能帶簡并; 有效質量; 電子散射機制; 電學品質因子

Keywords:

thermoelectric energy conversion technology;  band convergence;  effective mass;  electron scattering mechanism;  electronic quality factor

分類號:

O472

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202208038

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

熱電能量轉換技術是一種利用材料內部帶電載流子定向運動，實現熱能和電能直接轉換的清潔能源技術。熱電轉換效率主要取決于熱電材料的性能，而熱電材料的性能取決于內部載流子的輸運性質，因此，熱電研究中的一個關鍵問題是協調電子和聲子的輸運性質。在電輸運方面，塞貝克系數和電導率的強烈耦合使得熱電材料中功率因子的提升一直是一個難題，如何使這2者有效解耦以實現功率因子的整體提升是熱電材料研究中的重點之一。將從玻爾茲曼輸運方程出發，從決定電子輸運過程的3個方面——態密度、電子速度、弛豫時間，來闡述熱電材料中電輸運行為的調控機制及方法，并綜述相關的研究進展，介紹了近期聚焦于輸運模型簡化的相關研究。最后，對熱電材料中電輸運調控的未來發展方向進行了展望。

Abstract:

Thermoelectric energy conversion technology is a clean energy technology, enabling a direct energy conversion between heat and electricity using the charge carrier movement inside the material. The conversion efficiency mainly depends on the performance of thermoelectric material and thus the transport properties of carriers. Therefore, manipulation of both electrical and thermal transport properties for enhancing thermoelectric performance is the key. In terms of electronic transport, Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity are strongly coupled with each, leaving a key challenge to decouple these parameters for increasing power factor. In this review, starting with the Boltzmann transport equation, electronic transport behavior and its manipulation will be elaborated from three aspects which determines electronic transport (the density of states, electron velocity, and relaxation time), and the relevant researches will be summarized. In addition, recent studies focusing on simplification of existing transport models will be discussed. Finally, the prospect and expectation for the further development of electronic transport manipulation in thermoelectrics will be put forward.