文章信息/Info

Title:

Current Status and Prospects of Research on Strengthening and Toughening of Nano Carbon/Aluminum Composite Materials

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)03-0181-14

作者:

馬凱; 劉振宇; 肖伯律; 馬宗義

中國科學院金屬研究所 師昌緒創新材料研究中心，遼寧 沈陽 110016

Author(s):

MA Kai;  LIU Zhenyu;  XIAO Bolv;  MA Zongyi

Shichangxu Innovative Materials Research Center, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

關鍵詞:

納米碳/鋁復合材料; 強韌化; 分散; 界面; 構型

Keywords:

nano carbon/aluminum composite;  strength and ductility;  dispersion;  interface;  configuration

分類號:

TB333

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202311016

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

以碳納米管、石墨烯為代表的超高性能納米碳，具有優越的力、熱、電等綜合性能，是復合材料的理想增強體，以納米碳為強化相少量加入到鋁中，有望開發出高強、高模、低熱膨脹的復合材料，并使復合材料保持輕質、易加工等特性，在航空、航天、國防等領域具有重大的應用前景，因而以納米碳/鋁為代表的新一代鋁基復合材料備受關注。然而，碳納米管等納米碳易團聚，與鋁等大多數金屬并不浸潤，且容易分布在晶界上誘導顯著的晶粒細化，使得復合材料的強韌性等關鍵性能指標提升困難，或者使強度提高的同時使塑韌性下降顯著，限制了其工程應用潛力。綜述近年來國內外研究者在納米碳/鋁復合材料強韌化方面的策略和方法，包括納米碳分散、界面和構型調控等，以期推動新一代輕質高強納米碳/鋁復合材料的發展，支撐國家未來重大工程應用。

Abstract:

Ultra-high performance nano carbon, represented by carbon nanotubes and graphene, has excellent comprehensive mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties and is an ideal reinforcement for composite materials. Adding a small amount of nano carbon as reinforcements to aluminum, is expected to develop composite materials with high strength, high modulus, and low thermal expansion, while maintaining the characteristics of lightweight and easy processing, and has significant application prospects in aviation,aerospace,national defense, and other fields. Therefore, the new generation of aluminum based composite materials represented by nano carbon/aluminum have attracted much attention. However, nano carbon are prone to agglomerate and do not infiltrate most metals such as aluminum, and they are easily distributed at grain boundaries to induce extreme grain refinement, making it difficult to improve key performance indicators such as strength and toughness of composite materials, or significantly reducing plasticity and toughness while increasing strength, greatly limiting their potential engineering applications. This article reviews the strategies and methods of domestic and foreign researchers in strengthening and toughening nano carbon/aluminum composites, including dispersion of nano carbon,regulation of interface and configuration etc. in recent years, with the aim of promoting the development of a new generation of lightweight and high-strength nano carbon/aluminum composites and supporting future major engineering applications in the country.