文章信息/Info

Title:

Advances of Mercury-Free Catalysis for Acetylene Hydrochlorination

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)09-0796-11

作者:

王明明; 范宇睿; 黃文君; 徐浩淼; 瞿贊; 晏乃強

上海交通大學環境科學與工程學院，上海 200240

Author(s):

WANG Mingming; FAN Yurui; HUANG Wenjun; XU Haomiao; QU Zan; YAN Naiqiang

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

關鍵詞:

乙炔氫氯化; 單原子催化; 雜原子摻雜; 結構�残阅荜P系; 性能描述符

Keywords:

acetylene hydrochlorination;  single atom catalysis;  heteroatom doping;  structure-performance relationship;  performance descriptor

分類號:

TQ426;TQ222.4+23

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202401015

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

聚氯乙烯（PVC）是全球產量第三大的聚合物，而乙烯基氯化物是PVC的基本構建單元，催化乙炔氫氯化反應已被廣泛應用于乙烯基氯化物的生產。高穩定性無汞催化劑（例如Au基催化劑）的研發對于實現乙炔氫氯化行業的綠色可持續具有重要的工業意義。用p�矃^（N）雜原子摻雜的貴金屬單原子催化劑替代基于汞的催化劑已成為主流做法，在過去的幾年中吸引了廣泛的研究。N元素的摻雜可以解決催化劑失活和原子利用率低的根本問題，從而形成穩定的超細金屬納米顆粒甚至單原子催化劑，使該催化劑在乙炔氫氯化反應中表現出優異的催化性能。在此基礎上，基于最新的理論和實驗研究進展，全面回顧N元素調控的乙炔氫氯化催化劑的性質、性能和機制。討論了催化劑結構與催化活性和穩定性的關系，總結出N摻雜單原子催化劑性能描述符，以強調設計催化劑的關鍵因素。最后，展望N元素調控催化劑的發展趨勢。對性能提升機制和結構�残阅荜P系的深入了解可以為定向合成材料提供參考，從而促進乙炔氫氯化無汞催化劑的實際應用。

Abstract:

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the third most produced polymer globally, is fundamentally constructed from vinyl chloride, which is primarily synthesized via the catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene. The development of highly stable mercury-free catalysts, such as Au-based catalysts, is of critical industrial significance for advancing green and sustainable practices within the acetylene hydrochlorination industry. The shift from mercury�瞓ased catalysts to noble metal single-atom catalysts doped with p-block (N) heteroatoms has emerged as a leading approach, attracting significant research attention in recent years. Nitrogen (N) doping effectively addresses the core challenges of catalyst deactivation and low atomic utilization efficiency, facilitating the formation of stable ultra-fine metal nanoparticles and even single-atom catalysts, which demonstrate exceptional catalytic performance in acetylene hydrochlorination. Building on this foundation, the latest theoretical and experimental research progress is comprehensively reviewed, with a focus on the properties, performance, and mechanisms of N-regulated acetylene hydrochlorination catalysts. The interplay between catalyst structure, catalytic activity, and stability is examined, and performance descriptors for N�瞕oped single�瞐tom catalysts are summarized to underscore the critical factors in catalyst design. Finally, the future development trends of N-regulated catalysts are explored. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying performance enhancement and the structure-performance relationship can provide valuable insights for the targeted synthesis of materials, thereby facilitating the practical application of mercury-free catalysts in acetylene hydrochlorination.