文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on the Separation and Extraction of Lithium, Rubidium and Cesium from Lepidolite

文章編號:

1674-3962(2025)07-0684-10

作者:

楊曉鳳; 李沐晴; 馬昱昭; 潘愛芳; 王倩; 吳優(yōu); 尹昊

1. 西安建筑科技大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，陜西 西安 710055 2. 西安建筑科技大學(xué) 交叉創(chuàng)新研究院，陜西 西安 710055 等

Author(s):

YANG Xiaofeng;  LI Muqing;  MA Yuzhao;  PAN Aifang; WANG Qian;  WU You;  YIN Hao

1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 2. Institute for Interdisciplinary and Innovation Research, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China et al.

關(guān)鍵詞:

鋰云母; 分離; 銣; 銫; 綜合利用

Keywords:

lepidolite;  separation;  rubidium;  cesium;  comprehensive utilization

分類號:

TF826

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202401023

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

鋰云母是我國鋰資源的重要來源。高效、環(huán)保地從鋰云母中提取鋰，并協(xié)同提取其中的戰(zhàn)略資源銣、銫，將會獲得可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值。介紹了我國鋰云母的基本性質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)和賦存情況等，總結(jié)了從鋰云母中提取鋰的活化方法，包括酸法、堿法和鹽法，并總結(jié)對比了各方法的優(yōu)缺點，如有些方法雖然能耗和成本較低，但會造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染等；綜述了沉鋰母液中銣、銫的分離方法，包括分步結(jié)晶法、沉淀法、溶劑萃取法和離子交換法，也進(jìn)行了優(yōu)缺點比較，如有些方法效率高但不適合大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)等。單一的工藝方法通常存在局限性，需要綜合考慮整個工藝流程，根據(jù)不同的生產(chǎn)要求選擇最適宜的綜合工藝方法，才有助于未來鋰云母資源的充分發(fā)揮，實現(xiàn)伴生資源的綜合利用。

Abstract:

Lepidolite emerges as a critical reservoir of lithium resources in China,providing a pathway to efficient lithium extraction and the concurrent recovery of strategic resources such as rubidium and cesium, thereby unlocking substantial economic value. Firstly, the basic properties, structure and occurrence of lepidolite in China were introduced. Subsequently, the activation methods for lithium extraction were meticulously outlined, including acid, alkali and salt methodologies, and an exhaustive comparative analysis was conducted to reveal variations in energy consumption, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. Notably, certain techniques exhibit lower energy requirements and costs but entail a heightened risk of environmental pollution. Moving forward,the study delved into the intricacies of separating rubidium and cesium from the lithium precipitation mother liquor, exploring stepwise crystallization,precipitation, solvent extraction, and ion exchange methods, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each method. It was also found that some methods are efficient but not suitable for large-scale production. In response to these findings, the study proposes a holistic paradigm, acknowledging the inherent limitations of single process. It underscores the imperative of comprehensive consideration throughout the entire process flow, proposing the selection of the most suitable integrated process method based on diverse production requirements. This strategic approach is meaningful in fully harnessing the future potential of lepidolite resources while facilitating the comprehensive and sustainable utilization of associated resources. By embracing a nuanced and integrated perspective, this study aims to contribute to the optimization of lithium resource exploitation and associated resource utilization on a broader scale.