文章信息/Info

Title:

Free-Radical Trapping Effect in Flame Retarding and Smoke Suppression of Polymers

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)08-0697-07

作者:

郭正虹; 王炳濤; 李娟; 賽霆; 閆紅強; 方征平

浙大寧波理工學院 火安全材料研究所，浙江 寧波 315100

Author(s):

GUO Zhenghong; WANG Bingtao; LI Juan; SAI Ting; YAN Hongqiang; FANG Zhengping

Institute of Fire Safety Materials，NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China

關鍵詞:

自由基捕捉; 阻燃; 抑煙; 覆蓋阻隔; 催化成炭; 多孔吸附

Keywords:

free-radical trapping; flame retarding; smoke suppression; covering barrier; catalytic carbonization; porous adsorption

分類號:

O631

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202402013

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

煙毒氣體導致的窒息性死亡是火災中最主要的致死原因，如何降低高分子材料燃燒過程中的煙毒氣體釋放，對于火災中人員逃生和救援至關重要。燃燒過程中自由基鏈式反應向氣相釋放出來的高活性H·和HO·是引起高分子材料氧化降解的根本原因，有效控制高活性自由基向氣相的釋放是改善高分子材料阻燃抑煙性能的有效途徑。綜述了高分子材料阻燃抑煙中的自由基捕捉作用，從氣相自由基捕捉和凝聚相自由基捕捉兩個角度簡要闡述了多種阻燃劑/協效劑在阻燃抑煙方面的不同表現，重點總結了凝聚相自由基捕捉作用與覆蓋阻隔、催化成炭和多孔吸附作用相結合對延緩和抑制煙毒氣體釋放的影響，并分析了高分子材料阻燃抑煙領域中自由基捕捉作用研究亟待解決的問題。

Abstract:

Asphyxiation caused by smoke and toxic gas is the main cause of death in fire. How to reduce the release of smoke and toxic gas in the combustion process of polymer materials is very important to protect personal safety and provide rescue in fire. The H·, HO· and other high active free-radicals are released into the gaseous phase produced from the free-radical chain reaction during polymer combustion, which is the fundamental reason of the oxidative degradation of polymer, so it is an effective method to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of polymer through reducing the release of high active free-radicals to the gaseous phase. The free-radical trapping effect in flame retarding and smoke suppression of polymers was reviewed. The different smoke suppression performances of flame retardants/synergists were briefly summarized from two perspectives of the free-radical trapping in gaseous phase and the free-radical trapping in condensed phase. The synergetic effects of the free-radical trapping in condensed phase combined with the covering barrier effect, the catalytic carbonization effect and the porous adsorption effect on delaying and inhibiting the smoke release were introduced emphatically. The problems to be solved on free-radical trapping effect in flame retarding and smoke suppression of polymers were analyzed.