文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Fire Hazard Assessment Methods for Flame-Retardant Materials

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)08-0704-10

作者:

鄒斌; 褚夫凱; 李家峻; 宋磊; 胡源

1. 中國科學技術(shù)大學 火災(zāi)科學國家重點實驗室，安徽 合肥 230026 2. 中國安全生產(chǎn)科學研究院，北京100012

Author(s):

ZOU Bin;  CHU Fukai;  LI Jiajun;  SONG Lei;  HU Yuan

1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2. China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China

關(guān)鍵詞:

阻燃材料; 火災(zāi)危害評估; 波動性; 相關(guān)性; 層次網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析; CRITIC

Keywords:

flame-retardant materials;  fire hazard assessment;  variability;  correlation;  analytic network process;  CRITIC

分類號:

TQ322;O69

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202403021

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

阻燃材料火災(zāi)危害評估是預(yù)防、管理和控制可燃聚合物材料火災(zāi)隱患的基礎(chǔ)，同時也是選擇適當阻燃體系并評價阻燃劑對聚合物綜合影響的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。從燃燒產(chǎn)物的角度分析了材料燃燒的特征，凝練出評估體系的熱解行為、熱量和CO2釋放、煙和毒性氣體釋放3個層面的準則。重點綜述了單一維度材料火災(zāi)危害評估方法的研究進展，研究表明，需要集合火災(zāi)場景等才能獲得具有邏輯意義的材料綜合火災(zāi)危險評價。展望了阻燃材料的發(fā)展方向，闡釋了材料火災(zāi)安全性評價的多屬性決策過程的本質(zhì)。討論本質(zhì)危害性權(quán)重分析過程并歸納了其發(fā)展趨勢，即通過層次網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析取代層次分析衡量元素之間更復雜的相互依賴關(guān)系和反饋，以減少傳統(tǒng)方法的弱點和錯誤。進一步通過研究案例總結(jié)了材料火災(zāi)危害指標波動性和相關(guān)性的客觀權(quán)重維度，并強調(diào)了指標數(shù)據(jù)的純樣歸一化預(yù)處理方法對獲得可解釋性權(quán)重的重要作用。納什均衡對權(quán)重的融合兼顧了主客觀權(quán)重分析的優(yōu)點，該體系有助于全面認知材料火災(zāi)危害的系統(tǒng)性和整體性特征。

Abstract:

Fire hazard assessment of flame�瞨etardant materials is fundamental for preventing, managing, and controlling potential fire risks of typical combustible polymer materials. It also serves as a crucial step in selecting appropriate flame-retardant systems and evaluating the comprehensive impact of flame retardants on polymers. This paper analyzes material combustion characteristics from the perspective of combustion products，obtains three assessing aspects for the assessment system: pyrolysis behavior, heat and CO2 release, and smoke and toxic gas emissions. The study firstly reviews the research progress of un-dimensional methods for material fire hazard assessment, emphasizing the need to integrate various factors, such as fire scenarios, to obtain logically meaningful assessments of material fire hazards. The future direction of flame-retardant materials is discussed, elucidating the essential nature of the multi-attributed decision�瞞aking process in material fire safety assessment. In considering the weighting process of intrinsic hazards, a trend is identified that analytic network process (ANP) favors over traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) due to its ability to capture more complex interdependencies and feedback between elements. The study further summarizes the variability and correlation of material fire hazard indicators through objective weighting dimensions, highlighting the significant role of pure sample normalization pre-processing method in obtaining interpretable weights. Nash fusion of weights is introduced to reconcile the advantages of both subjective and objective weights, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the systemic and holistic nature of material fire hazards.