文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Cavitation Erosion-Corrosion of Multi-Principal Element Alloys

文章編號:

1674-3962(2025)01-0084-17

作者:

牛佳成 侯國梁 付志強

1.華南理工大學，機械與汽車工程學院，廣東 廣州 510641 2.中國科學院蘭州化學物理研究所，固體潤滑國家重點實驗室，甘肅 蘭州 730000

Author(s):

NIU Jiacheng;  HOU Guoliang;  FU Zhiqiang

1 South China University of Technology, School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Guangzhou 710016, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

關鍵詞:

多主元合金; 空蝕-腐蝕; 涂層; 微觀組織; 極端環境

Keywords:

multi-principal element alloys;  cavitation erosion-corrosion; coating; microstructure;  extreme environment

分類號:

TB37;TG139

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202410005

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

水力發電裝備和海洋裝備中的過流部件在服役時不僅受到腐蝕的影響，還同時受到空蝕破壞，導致過流部件表面材料損失甚至發生斷裂，進而嚴重降低裝備服役安全和壽命。現有的過流部件應用材料大多數為銅合金和不銹鋼，存在耐腐蝕性能和力學性能都無法同步提升的瓶頸，開發出符合“高性能、長壽命、高可靠性”且環境適應性強的新型抗空蝕-腐蝕材料成為當前的研究熱點。多主元合金獨特的四大效應賦予其成為極端環境領域中抗空蝕-腐蝕材料的天然優勢，其廣泛可調的微觀組織、優異的力學性能、出色的抗氧化性以及卓越的耐腐蝕性能，為開發新型抗空蝕-腐蝕材料提供了堅實的研究基礎。抗空蝕-腐蝕多主元合金材料可以通過涂層和塊體兩個方面制備，同時可以按照主元種類和成分調控、合金化以及形成多主元復合材料來提高抗空蝕-腐蝕性能。綜述了多主元合金作為抗空蝕-腐蝕材料的研究進展，重點從材料的微觀結構出發，詳細討論了不同涂層和塊體多主元合金在空蝕-腐蝕性能方面的表現及其影響因素。

Abstract:

In hydroelectric and marine equipment, flow components are not only susceptible to corrosion during operation but also subject to cavitation damage. This results in material loss on the surface of the flow components and even fractures, significantly reducing the safety and lifespan of the equipment. Currently, most materials used for flow components are copper alloys and stainless steel, which face the challenge of failing to simultaneously improve corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Developing new anti-cavitation erosion-corrosion (anti-CE-C) materials that meet the requirements of “high performance, long life, high reliability” and strong environmental adaptability has become a major research focus. The unique four major effects of multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) provide them a natural advantage as anti-CE-C materials. The four unique major effects of MPEAs give them a natural advantage as anti-CE-C materials in extreme environments. Their highly adjustable microstructures, exceptional mechanical properties, outstanding oxidation resistance, and superior corrosion resistance lay a strong foundation for the development of new anti-CE-C materials. Their anti-CE-C performance can be enhanced through the regulation of principal element types and compositions, alloying, and the formation of MPEA composites. This review highlights the research progress on MPEAs as anti-CE-C materials, with a focus on their microstructure. It offers a comprehensive discussion of the CE-C performance and the factors influencing this behavior in both coatings and bulk MPEAs.