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j.issn.1674-3962.202410011]
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低維度及低密度多主元合金()

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中國材料進展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:: 44
期數(shù):: 2025年01

頁碼:: 001-14

欄目:

出版日期:: 2025-01-30

文章信息/Info

Title:: Low Dimensional, Low-Density Multi-Principal Element Alloys

文章編號:: 1674-3962(2025)01-0001-14

作者:: 張峻浩; 李蕊軒; 張勇; 北京科技大學新金屬材料國家重點實驗室,北京,100083

Author(s):: ZHANG Junhao; LI Ruixuan; ZHANG Yong; State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China

關鍵詞:: 北京科技大學新金屬材料國家重點實驗室; 北京 100083

Keywords:: low dimensional; low-density; multi-principal element alloys; medium entropy alloys; high entropy alloys; preparation method; mechanical property

分類號:: TG139

DOI:: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202410011

文獻標志碼:: A

摘要:: 主要介紹了低維度、低密度多主元合金的研究進展與發(fā)展前景。多主元合金通常包括中熵合金和高熵合金。高熵合金通過“熵調控”設計理念，克服了傳統(tǒng)合金材料在強度與韌性上的限制，展現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的力學性能。然而，密度大和成本高的缺點限制了其廣泛應用。為解決這些問題，研究者們開發(fā)了低維度中、高熵合金材料和低密度高熵合金（即輕質高熵合金）。詳細介紹了低維度中、高熵合金和低密度高熵合金的制備方法、性能特點和發(fā)展前景。一維多主元合金，即中、高熵合金纖維，主要通過熱拉拔、冷拉拔和玻璃包覆法制備，在室溫和低溫條件下均表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的力學性能，在高熵合金纖維柔性材料和復合材料等領域中應用前景廣闊；二維高熵合金，即高熵薄膜，可通過物理氣相沉積等技術制備，表現(xiàn)出超高的硬度和良好的高溫穩(wěn)定性，在航空航天、能源等極端條件下的應用潛力巨大；低密度高熵合金，即輕質高熵合金，不僅具有高熵合金高強度、耐腐蝕和耐高溫的特性，還具有密度低的優(yōu)點，在航空航天等極端環(huán)境領域將發(fā)揮重要作用。

Abstract:: The article mainly introduces the research progress and development prospects of low dimensional, low-density multi-principal element alloys. Multi-principal element alloys typically include medium entropy alloys and high entropy alloys. High entropy alloys overcome the limitations of traditional alloy materials in strength and toughness through the design concept of “entropy regulation”, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties. However, the drawbacks of high density and cost limit its widespread application. To address these issues, researchers have developed low dimensional medium and high entropy alloy materials and low-density high entropy alloys (i.e. light-weight high entropy alloys). The article provides a detailed introduction to the preparation methods, performance characteristics, and development prospects of low dimensional medium and high entropy alloys, as well as low-density high entropy alloys. One dimensional multi-principal element alloys, namely medium and high entropy alloy fibers, are mainly prepared by hot drawing, cold drawing, and glass coating methods. They exhibit excellent mechanical properties at both room temperature and low temperature conditions, and have broad application prospects in fields such as high entropy alloy fiber flexible materials and composite materials. Two dimensional high entropy alloys, also known as high entropy films, can be prepared through techniques such as physical vapor deposition, exhibiting ultra-high hardness and good high temperature stability. They have enormous potential for applications in extreme conditions such as aerospace and energy. Low-density high entropy alloys, also known as lightweight high entropy alloys, not only have the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance of high entropy alloys, but also have the advantage of low density. They will play an important role in extreme environmental fields such as aerospace.

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備注/Memo

備注/Memo:: 收稿日期：2024-10-15修回日期：2024-12-10 基金項目：國家自然科學基金資助項目（52273280）；中國創(chuàng)新研究群體資助項目（51921001）第一作者：張峻浩，男，2001年生，碩士研究生通訊作者：張勇，男，1969年生，教授，博士生導師， Email: drzhangy@ustb.edu.cn

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