文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress in Composition Design of Lightweight High-Entropy High�睺emperature Alloys

文章編號:

1674-3962(2025)01-0040-09

作者:

沈鴻葵; 林峰; 韓明亮; 張英杰; 吳淵; 張曉賓; 王輝; 劉雄軍; 蔣雖合; 呂昭平

北京科技大學 新金屬材料國家重點實驗室，北京 100083

Author(s):

HEN Hongkui; LIN Feng; HAN Mingliang; ZHANG Yingjie; WU Yuan; ZHANG Xiaobin; WANG Hui;  LIU Xiongjun;  JIANG Suihe;  LU Zhaoping

State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083, China

關鍵詞:

輕質高熵合金; 高溫合金; 高溫性能; 成分設計; 相結構; 強化機制

Keywords:

lightweight high-entropy alloys;  superalloys;  high-temperature performance;  composition design;  phase structure;  strengthening mechanism

分類號:

TG139;TG132.3

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202412012

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

相比于傳統鎳基高溫合金，輕質高熵高溫合金可同時具有高強度、低密度等特點，受到了廣泛關注。綜述了輕質高熵高溫合金的研究進展，并依據相結構將其劃分為4類：單相固溶強化合金、金屬間化合物相強化合金、共晶組織強化合金和非金屬元素強化合金。單相固溶強化合金通過元素調控實現性能優化，例如Al-Nb-V-Ti-Zr體系中Al元素的添加可顯著提升其強度和硬度。金屬間化合物相強化合金通過第二相的加入提升性能，但需注意某些金屬間化合物可能導致脆化。共晶組織強化合金展現出良好的高溫性能，但其室溫塑性仍需改進。非金屬元素強化合金通過多種機制進行強化，但元素添加量的精確控制至關重要。盡管在輕質高熵高溫合金的成分設計和微觀結構優化方面已取得一定成果，但仍面臨成本高和工藝復雜等挑戰。未來研究應聚焦于優化成分結構、深化理論研究、降低制備成本以及拓展應用與跨領域合作等方面，以促進輕質高熵高溫合金的發展與廣泛應用。

Abstract:

Compared with traditional nickel-based superalloys, lightweight high-entropy high-temperature alloys can possess remarkable characteristics, such as high strength and low density, and have captured extensive attention. This paper reviews recent advancements in this field and categorizes these alloys into four types based on phase structures: single-phase solid solution strengthening alloys, intermetallic compound phase strengthening alloys, eutectic structure strengthening alloys, and non-metallic element strengthening alloys. Single�瞤hase solid solution strengthening alloys improve performance through elemental regulation, for instance, the addition of Al element in the Al-Nb-V-Ti�瞆r system can significantly enhance its strength and hardness. Intermetallic compound phase strengthening alloys improve performance by incorporating a second phase, although certain intermetallic compounds may introduce brittleness. Eutectic structure strengthening alloys demonstrate excellent high�瞭emperature performance but require further improvement in room temperature ductility. Non-metallic element strengthening alloys benefit from various strengthening mechanisms, and precise control of the addition amount is critical. While significant progress has been made in composition design and microstructure optimization of lightweight high-entropy high-temperature alloys, they still face challenges such as high cost and complex manufacturing processes. In the future, we should focus on optimizing composition and structure, deepening theoretical understanding, reducing manufacturing cost, and expanding applications through interdisciplinary collaboration to promote the development and widespread adoption of lightweight high-entropy high�瞭emperature alloys.